Review Neurons and Neurotransmitters Nervous System Endocrine System Limbic System The Cortex Neural Communication Terms to know The body s information system is built from billions of interconnected cells called neurons Cell body cell s life support center Dendrites receive messages from other cells Axon passes messages away from cell body to other neurons muscles or glands Action potential Neural impulse electrical signal traveling down the axon Terminal branches of axon form junctions with other cells cid 127 Myelin sheath covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses Acetylcholine ACh Enables muscle action learning and memory Dopamine influences movement learning attention and emotion Serotonin affects mood hunger sleep and arousal Norepinephrine helps control alertness and arousal cid 127 GABA gamma aminobutyric acid a major inhibitory neurotransmitter cid 127 Glutamate a major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory Agonists an endorphin Antagonists inhibits structure similar enough to the neurotransmitter to occupy its receptor site and block its action not similar enough to stimulate to receptor Curare poisoning paralyzes its victims by blocking ACh receptors involved in muscle movement cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127
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