October 31 - Lecture- Personality, emotions & health and IQ- The Concept of Intelligence- Specific abilities vs. General intelligenceo General intelligence is a reflection of underlying neurological factorso How fast someone can process something. o Library analogy (look up a book you need in the resources center vs look it up online)o Activate cell assembly and then it will function. Some people have faster speed of processing than other people. - Specific abilities (primary mental abilities)- General intelligenceo Speed of neural processing One of the best measurements of intelligence is reaction time. o Use of problem-solving strategies- Crystallized vs. Fluid Intelligenceo Crystallized is the knowledge you have. Ex: how many days of the week are there? Something hard that won’t ever go away.o Fluid intelligence is more of a problem solving ability. It can slip away over time. As you get older, you tend to lose it. - Social and emotional intelligenceo Social: knowing how to interact with other people Individuals who got the highest grades, were not necessarily the people who got kickass jobs because they need to also have social intelligence (people skills). Delayed gratification o Emotional: your knowledge of yourself. If you know you don’t function well in situations, you avoid them. - Rapid review of the concept of intelligence- Questions for making connections- A Brief History of Intelligence Testingo Selecting students for remedial help 7 tests that can identify how many [tests] students can do Solve more? More intelligent.o Screening immigrants for Exclusion Excluded people based on cultural tests. Tennis court look like? Yards on a fb field?o Development of New Tests Tester gets to watch you work.- Basic requirements for a good intelligence testo Reliabilityo Validityo Scores and Normso Criterion Relevance- Types of intelligence testso Individual testso Culture-free testso Rapid review of the measurement of intelligenceo Questions for making connections- Mental Retardation- Levels of Mental Retardation- Genetic Causeso Down Syndromeo PKU (phenylketonuria) Used to be very serious Occurs because there is an acid that is normally produced in the brain but then there is an other substance that breaks the acid down so itdoesn’t do any harm. With people who have this form of retardation, the acid does not get broken down and their brain is literally destroyed. If an infant has this issue, doctors can find it and help fix it before it becomes detrimental.o Other Forms of Genetically Caused Retardation- Physical Causes in the Environmento Alcohol Pregnant women who drink alcohol, destroys the brain of the fetus. o Diseases Measleso Chemical Toxins Lead Restrictions on what paint you use when painting your house. If the old lead starts to chip off the wall and a kid gets a hold of it, puts it in their mouth... that kid is basically fucked. - Psychosocial Causeso Children who are raised in homes where there is little stimulation (no talking at dinner, no museums, no “sesame street”), they will not learn what all the rest of the kids... That can cause social retardation (can be overcome). - The Role of Persons with Retardation in Society- Giftednesso Usually referred to as “nerds.” That is a stereotype. - Psychosocial Adjustment- The Savant Syndrome- Biological Bases of Intelligence - Brain Sizeo Overall Brain Sizeo Size of Specific Structures Some are specific to intelligence and some aren’t. Hippocampus: because it processes things for storage and memory Cortex: thickness of the cortex. Thicker cortex, more intelligent because that’s where your thinking goes on Corpus Callosum: because it enables the two hemispheres to interact with one another- Brain Functioningo Speed of Neural Conductiono Efficiency of Neural Conduction Looking at the amount of glucose a person has or uses. Glucose is the fuel on which your brain works. Higher levels of glucose, you have higher efficiency. Occasional periods of lower glucose levels: hypoglycemia. o Glucose Level- Biological Correlates of
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