Personality Exam #3-The word “personality” comes from the Greek word “persona” -Personality: distinctive pattern of behavior that is distinct across situationspersonality tends to be a more consistent thing-behavior changes with different situations-ex. level of self confidence changes frequently-Freud: one of the top 10 most influential people in the last 100 yearspersonality and how we areborn in Eastern Europe to a poor family identified as the most important child in his family and he got all of the educationmother called him her “golden child”originally wanted to go into politics or the militaryinternship at the eye clinic--used cocaine for eye surgery?Met Joseph BrewerAnna O--difficulty with language--Brewer could not treat her--connections between early childhood experiences and her symptoms--together they built the…--early childhood experiences lead to what you become today-sterical symptoms-psychoanalysis: lay on couch, therapist sits behind you so you don’t see him/her and youtalk--point of it: if you don’t exert control over what you’re thinking… Freud: psychosexual stages-each stage begins with a body partOral stage: (first stage) start in infancy with oral stage-ingestion and reception -ex. feeding a child--child learns about the hostility of the environment Anal stage: (second stage)-learn bowel and bladder control-ex. potty training (putting child on toilet seat)-laying down views of how the world works-child learns concerns for cleanliness/messiness--when the child shits the diaper Freud thought that a girl child got their penis chopped off as a punishment Phallic stage: Freud thought that girls had concerns of penis envy.-thought that boys thought girls got their penis cut off as a punishmentLatent stage: adolescence, Freud thought nothing happened in this stage -Emma: had bad nosebleeds-Freud thought they were due to an underlying cause-found 3 feet of gauze in her nasal cavity--had surgery and they forgot to take it out-Neo-Freudian Explanations-new Freudians:--Alfred Adler--Carl Jung--Karen Horney: first famous woman in clinical psychology -an evaluative comment: “Was Freud a Fraud?”: YES-feelings of inferiority -influenced by our unconscious -argued collective unconscious: unconscious memories of our entire genetic development-Topic III: Learning Explanations-Classical conditioning of emotions-Operant conditioning of behaviors: learn your behaviors through rewards -Differences in conditionability and personality -Mrs. Smith: had schizophrenia excessive dressing, 6-10 layers, wrapped head in towelspunished her for wearing multiple layers by not letting her eat dinner (in mental hospital)rewarded her for taking the layers off so she could eat dinner (in mental hospital)continuously gave her towels until she got tired of them and no longer wanted them-induce personality characteristics Topic IV: Cognitive Explanations -Thoughts and expectancies about ourselves-Thoughts and expectancies about others-Information processing and personality-An evaluative comment: “Is this explanation
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