Bipolar Disorder:• Alternating depression and mania• Prevalence: 1-5%• Symptoms: Sleep dysfunction, fatigue/vegetative state, anhedonia, eating dysfunction, loss of interest in usual activities, negative rumination, hopelessness• Mania:• Euphoria• Flight of activity/ideas• Inflated self-esteem• Rapid and disorganized thought and behavior• Irritability- Amygdala• Psychotic symptoms• Related Diagnostic Terms:• Hypomania • Low-grade version of mania• Rapid Cycling• 4 or more times in a ear, shift every couple of months• Mixed Episode• Shift in the same couple of weeks• Different Types of Bipolar:• Bipolar I: Mania, not necessarily depression• Have to experience one manic episode• Bipolar II: Hypomania (4+) and depression• Cyclothymia: Hypomania and mild depression, more chronic• Can't have more than two months stable• Important Considerations:• Suicide (up to 40% have tried)• Gender and culture• Creativity• Causes: • Physiology• Instability of brain activity• Frontal lobe issues• Neurotransmitters• Larger Amygdala• Genetics• Developmental• Prenatal factors• Birth problems• Facilitate, not cause• "Stress-Diathesis" model• just because you have a genetic predisposition, doesn't mean you will get the disease• figured by stressful life events• Treatment:• Medication (has to be a part of the treatment process)• Lithium- early treatment for bipolar, poisons body• Last resort• Quality vs. Quantity• Brain stimulation• Psycho-education• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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