PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 36 Outline of Last Lecture I. Freud a. Father of Psychoanalysisb. Family Historyc. Early Yearsd. Cocainee. Second Mindf. Anna Og. Self Analysish. Some other contributions i. World War Ij. 1920sk. World War IIOutline of Current LectureI. Psychoanalytic Theorya. Sigmund Freudi. Professional Career1. Ernst Brucke2. Studies with Cocaine3. Joseph Breuer4. Private Practice in Vienna Current LectureI. Psychoanalytic Theorya. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)i. Professional Career1. Ernst BruckeThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Physiologistb. Rejected Vitalism: idea that there is something special about living things, something nonphysical in them that gives them life-like a spirit)i. Brucke had a more mechanistic perspective (describe humans completely using chemistry, etc.)ii. Also very determinist (physical systems and data predict behavior) iii. These perspectives influenced Freudc. Freud studies eel nervous system (reproductive system)i. Rejecting vitalism (describing reproduction using physical and chemical ideas)d. MD (1881)2. Studies with Cocainea. Thought application of cocaine studies would make him famousb. No one really knew that much about cocaine or its serious addictive propertiesc. Freud thought it was a wonder drug to revolutionize psychiatryd. Did not know about addictive properties, used it to get rid of his depression, it gave him energye. Used it to help people get off of morphine (after injuries in war, etc.)i. Had a friend who developed a fatal addiction from cocainef. Kholer: became interested in cocaine, realized it worked well as an anesthetic i. Became very known and famous-Freud was jealous1. Cocaine is a schedule 2 drug (step down from heroin, etc.)3. Joseph Breuer (1842-1925)a. Physiologistb. Treatment of “Anna O” (1880)- AKA Berthai. She was 29, developed psychological and physical symptoms of a wide variety (cough, hallucinations, partial paralysis) called ‘hysteria’ because not sure what was actually wrongii. Before she became sick she was the primary caretaker of her ill fatheriii. Pathogenic ideas: thought/mental event manifest in physical symptoms1. Used hypnotism and noticed whenever the topic of her sick father came up she had physiological reactions (such as squinting) iv. Cathartic method: “face up to issues”1. Confronting her issues helped to alleviate her symptoms2. Relieve the experiences, then directly handle them- alleviates the stress associated with the experiences 3. Rooted in the idea of catharsis (Aristotle): energy releasea. In ancient Greece, Aristotle looked at why people liked tragedies so much4. Argued it was because being a Greek citizen is stressful and seeing others suffer makes you put things in perspective and realize things could be worse v. Transference: transfer of feelings from another relationship onto the therapist (love, or accidentallycalling them ‘father’)vi. Countertransference: therapist misplaces their feelings onto the patient 1. Bertha developed feelings for Breuer and said she was pregnant (had the physical symptoms of pregnancy)2. He put her under hypnosis to alleviate physical manifestations (which were not real)4. Private Practice In Vienna (1886)a. Cathartic treatments: get people to recognize a face their issuesi. Resistance: noticed that if person was about to uncover a traumatic or repressed memory, the would freeze up 1. because traumatic or dark or embarrassing2. tried to overcome moment of resistance by:a. pressure technique: putting his palmon the patient’s forehead, person would just ‘spit out’ the contents of their mindb. Free association: follow stream of consciousness and verbalize it, so Freud could recognize what was important i. Influenced by Galton’s word association task (cue words, the write words that come tomind)ii. Influenced by experience with cocaine-tend to talk a lot when high on
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