PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I Early Neuroscience Layout of the Nervous System a Charles Scott Sherrington i Integrative Action of the Nervous System 1906 ii Evidence for neuron theory iii Speed of neural impulse iv Proved neuron theory beyond a doubt v Coined synapse etc II Towards the Formal Founding and Structuralism Psychophysics a Psychophysics b Gustav Theodor Fechner 1801 1887 i Afterimages ii JND Outline of Current Lecture I II III Towards the Formal Founding and Structuralism Psychophysics a Gustav Theodor Fechner i Method of Limits ii Quantification and experimentation Systems Schools of Psychology a Structuralism b Functionalism c Behaviorism d Gestalt Psychology e Psychoanalysis Structuralism a Goal b Wilhelm Maximillian Wundt Current Lecture I Towards the Formal Founding and Structuralism Psychophysics a Gustav Theodor Fechner i Method of Limits 1 Study threshold 2 Present stimulus levels gradually and continuously until the participant s answer changes to yes no These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II III a You then average the values between yes and no b Then average across many trials allows you to eliminate a lot noise due to individual differences b Quantification and experimentation Systems Schools of Psychology a Structuralism 1st school of psychology i Originates from Germany ii Structure of consciousness components of thoughts b Functionalism i Function of traits characteristics ii Influenced by evolutionary theory adaptation iii American c Behaviorism i Only study what is directly observable ii Reaction against functionalism introspection d Gestalt Psychology i How context influences perception ii Organization of elements influencing perception iii expectations e Psychoanalysis i Freud Structuralism a Goal describe the structure of the mind by analyzing its elements i Very reductionist break down perception ii Linked to chemistry take conscious experience and break it down into smaller elements 1 periodic table of mental elements b Wilhelm Maximillian Wundt 1832 1920 i Established first psychological institute at University of Leipzig 1879 1 Official founding of psychology as a field 2 Very productive made the field grow 3 New Field Physiological Psychology 4 Taught 2 classes 2 publications month supervised 250 graduate students lots of academic offspring ii Philosophical Studies 1881 1903 1 Established own Journal 2 More quantifiable experimental orientation 3 Outlet for own research to be published
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