PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I. Early Neuroscience: Brain Localization a. Pierre Flourensi. Action Commune1. Phineas Gageb. Karl Lashleyi. Rat Studiesc. Paul Brocai. Patient ‘tan’ii. Expressive Aphasiaiii. Broca’s Aread. Carl Wernickei. Wernicke’s aphasiae. Fritsch and Hitzigi. Stimulation of motor cortexii. Contralateral brain-body relationship Outline of Current Lecture I. Early Neuroscience: Brain Localizationa. Fritsch and Hitzigi. Stimulation of motor cortexii. Contralateral brain-body relationship II. Early Neuroscience: Layout of the Nervous Systema. Camillo Golgi (1843-1926)i. Nerve cell Stainingii. Reticular Theoryb. Santiago Ramon y Cajal (1852-1934)i. Neuron TheoryCurrent Lecture I. Early Neuroscience: Brain Localizationa. Fritsch and Hitzigi. Stimulation of motor cortex1. Homunculus2. Extreme localization of functionThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. If a certain part is stimulated you WILL move that part of your body (deterministic) b. Borders of certain areas can ‘blend’ together because an individual uses one area so much it becomes very strong (when you stimulate areas around it that area will be stimulated too because it has ‘spread’ to those other areas) ii. Contralateral brain-body relationship II. Early Neuroscience: Layout of the Nervous Systema. Camillo Golgi (1843-1926)i. Nerve cell Staining1. More accurately observe neurons and connections2. Argument of the existence of synapses3. Golgi: stain: increased resolution of slices of nervous tissue (less percent of cells stained allowed for better resolution) ii. Reticular theory: Nerve cells are physically connected to each other (nerve net)1. No visible gaps2. Fast reflexes (connection makes them faster)b. Santiago Ramon y Cajal (1852-1934)i. Neuron Theory: nerve cell are independent, separated by a narrow gap 1. Communication via chemicals traversing gap (Today is a synapse)2. Neural connections and intelligencea. The number of connection, rather than the number of neurons as previously believed, is related to intelligence b. Practice something: increase the number of connections between
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