PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 26 Outline of Last Lecture I. Early American Psychology: Functionalisma. William James (1842-1910)i. Prestigious Family ii. Professional Careerb. Jamesian Psychology and Philosophy Characteristicsi. Individualismii. Pluralismiii. Free Williv. Moralism Outline of Current Lecture I. Early American Psychologya. Jamesian Psychology i. Habitii. The selfiii. Emotioniv. Memoryb. Granville Stanley Hall (1844-1924)i. First PhD in Psychology (1878)ii. Established Lab at John HopkinsCurrent Lecture I. Early American Psychologya. Jamesian Psychology i. Habit1. Purpose: influenced be evolutionary theorya. Habits make it so tasks take less effort (make sense) b. Looking at automaticityc. Conserve resources2. Strenuous lifea. How to develop healthy habits: recommendations b. Do not skip because tired, busyc. Make public declarations of intensions of habit developmentsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Brain Plasticity: possession of a structure weak enough to yield to an influence, but strong enough not to yield all at oncea. Malleable enough to change, but not too malleable that it can fall apartii. The Self (three components)1. Material Self: physical state (body and possessions)2. Social Selves: different for each relationshipa. Context depended behavior3. Spiritual Self: core traits, are not context dependenta. Internalb. Basis for morality i. (thinking you are a nice person) ii. Example: fish-personality influenced by traits of thegroup (shy fish it among lots of other shy fish= become a little more bold; bold fish among other bold fish = little more shy)iii. Emotion1. Carl Lange (1843-1900)a. Physiologist, emotions are just physiological reactioni. Fear= heart rate and blood pressure increaseii. Reductionist2. James-Lange Theory of Emotion: bodily changed occur before perception of emotion, “we feel said because we cry, angry because we strike, afraid because we tremble”3. Implication of theory: individual can control emotions a. “to feel cheerful, sit up cheerfully, look around cheerfully, and act as if cheerfulness were already there” iv. Memory1. Primary Memory: (WM) in immediate consciousness 2. Secondary Memory: not thinking about it but can retrieve from ‘database’ (long-term memory)3. Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon a. Structuralists criticized this for not being scientificb. Granville Stanley Hall (1844-1924)i. First PhD in Psychology (1878)1. First to study with James AND Wundt; lots of diverse experience/information a. Interested in evolutionary theory ii. Established lab at Johns Hopkins1. First American psychology journal2. “American Journal of Psychology”
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