PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 25 Outline of Last Lecture I. Applications of Evolutionary Theory a. Herbert Spencer i. Survival of The fittest ii. Social Darwinism iii. “Principles of Psychology” (1855)b. Francis Galton (1822-1911)i. Obsession with counting ii. “Statistical Inquires into the Effectiveness of Prayer” (1872)iii. Co-relations and their measurements iv. Hereditary Geniusv. Eugenicsvi. “English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture”vii. “Inquiring into Human Faulty and Its Development”viii. Word Association Testix. Mental ImageryOutline of Current Lecture I. Early American Psychology: Functionalisma. William James (1842-1910)i. Prestigious Family ii. Professional Careerb. Jamesian Psychology and Philosophy Characteristicsi. Individualismii. Pluralismiii. Free Williv. Moralism Current Lecture I. Early American Psychology: Functionalisma. William James (1842-1910)i. Prestigious Family 1. William James of Albany (grandfather)a. Smart investment-made millions2. Henry James Sr (father)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Also lots of money-lots of education for five kids-lots of pressurei. James traveled a lot and had a lot of exposure because of thisb. Anti-materialistic c. Communes: Brooks Farms-everyone contributed i. Failed because did not have any experienced farmersii. Showed that people could work and live togetherii. Professional Career1. Expedition with Louis Agassiz to Brazil (1865)a. Sick most of the trip, did not get much data2. M.D. (1869) barely gets degree a. Realized wasn’t really interested in doctor practice3. Depression: “no control over life”a. “my first act of free will shall be to believe in free will” rejected determinism, helped bring him out of depressionb. Alice Howe Gibbons relationship, made him happy 4. “Relations between psychology and physiology” (1875)a. First psychology course in Americas 5. Henry Hold asks James for Psychology textbooka. “Principles of Psychology”b. “Psychology: Briefer Course”c. “Talks to Teachers” i. Shows years of delay between research and textbooksii. Much more broad than structuralists iii. Effective ways to teach/learn applied 6. Popular Lecturera. First American professor to ask for student evaluationsb. Jamesian Psychology and Philosophy Characteristics i. Individualism: importance of individual experience/differences1. Lots of influence form evolutionary theory ii. Pluralism: pluralistic methodologies- use any/every method (compared tostructuralists who had specific method for specific areas)1. Questionnaire method2. Structuralism=”brass instrument psychology”3. Comparative psychology-across species4. Psychic research (ESP, etc.) iii. Free Will1. “Dilemma of Determinism” (1884)2. Hard vs. Soft Determinisma. Primed participants for determinism or free will: found it predicted behavior 3. Moralisma. Easy-going vs strenuous lifestyle i. Recommends strenuous be hyper productive 1. Use techniques to help you act strenuously (get up early) b. “energies of men” (1907)i. Second
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