PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 30 Outline of Last Lecture I Behaviorism a Edward Thorndike 1874 1949 i Read Principles of Psychology by James ii Harvard iii PhD at Columbia iv Connectionism v Conclusions of Research Outline of Current Lecture I II Behaviorism a Edward Lee Thorndike i Conclusions of Research Behaviorism a John B Watson i PhD ii John Hopkins University iii APA President iv Rosalie Rayner v J Walter Thompson Advertising Co Current Lecture I Behaviorism a Edward Lee Thorndike i Conclusions of Research 1 Learning Principles a Learning is incremental i If action leads to reward then action is stamped into the mind b Learning occurs automatically i Learning is same across species ii Wanted to generalize research to human child education iii Patient HM could still learn new information but could not remember learning it such as tennis These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute II 1 Shows that the individual does not have to be conscious of learning occurs implicitly c Learning principles apply to all mammals i Very reductionist break down to same basic elements all mammals are the same at the core 2 Law of exercise a Connections are strengthened with practice and weakened by disuse 3 Law of effect a Frequent reward will strengthen a connection punishment annoying will weaken a connection i Behavior changes because of consequences 4 1929 International Congress of Psychology at Yale a Abandoned Law of Exercise i Subjects given pen and asked to draw 3 inch line over and over 1 000 trials two conditions were either blindfolded no feedback or could see feedback for line drawing ii Found that those who did not get feedback were blindfolded did not become any more accurate b Truncated law of effect Satisfiers strengthen connections but annoyers do not weaken connections 5 Educational Psychology 1913 a Babble Luck theory of language acquisition gradual shaping via reward i the rewarding of using words and sentences is how children learn language ii criticism repeat sentences even though not rewarded in past for sentence Behaviorism school of psychology which emphasized the objective study of behavior a John Broadus Watson 1878 1958 i PhD from Angell University of Chicago 1903 1 Assistant Professor 1904 1908 2 Mary Ickes student who liked him she wrote him a poem on her final exam and it worked they got married 3 She was from a very politically connected family ii Professor at Johns Hopkins University 1908 1920 1 Baldwin huge scandal needed replacement 2 Editor of Psychological Review 3 Psychology as the Behaviorist views it 1913 iii APA President 1914 iv Rosalie Rayner graduate student 1 Also from a politically connected family 2 At dinner Mary found love letters between Rosalie and Watson in Rosalie s room a Letters were eventually taken and published b Hopkins gives him an ultimatum Watson leaves and is black listed form academics to be with Rosalie v J Walter Thompson Advertising Co 1 More money becomes vice president 2 Rosalie dies 3 Applying psychological techniques to advertising 4 Coffee advertisements about coffee breaks a Work hard need a pick me up companies liked this idea b Coffee sales increased a lot very successful
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