PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 20 Outline of Last Lecture I Towards the Formal Founding and Structuralism Psychophysics a Gustav Theodor Fechner i Method of Limits ii Quantification and experimentation II Systems Schools of Psychology a Structuralism b Functionalism c Behaviorism d Gestalt Psychology e Psychoanalysis III Structuralism a Goal b Wilhelm Maximillian Wundt Outline of Current Lecture I Structuralism a Edward Bradford Titchener i PhD ii Advocated a pure psychology iii Authoritative iv Elementary Mental Processes v Introspection vi The Experimentalists vii Demise b Edwin G Boring i History of Experimental Psychology c Emil Kraepelin i MD ii Classification of mental disorder Current Lecture I Structuralism a Edward Bradford Titchener 1867 1927 i PhD 1892 from Wundt ii Advocated a pure psychology 1 Cornell a physics just different perspective These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute iii iv v vi i liked to compare psychology to physics and other established sciences said they were examining the same topics from different perspective instead of looking outward psychology looks at the internal experience of stimuli ii used the word introspection Authoritative and a little authoritarian 1 Personality a Stern full of himself proper Elementary Mental Processes Periodic table 1 Types a Senses make up perception b Images thoughts and memories c Affections emotion elements 2 Attributes a Quality most important redness saltiness etc b Intensity how strong loud high intensity c Clearness distinctiveness if dim room it s hard to see the object d Duration how long it lasts for burned quick then sustained 3 Association like Aristotle a Interested in the Law of Contiguity commonly presented together Introspection 1 Method presented with stimulus perceiving object a Reflected on what they experienced b Trying to be objective as possible c Training people studied had training on introspection i At least 10 000 trials of practice in order to give reliable data rigorous ii What to pay attention what to report how to report iii Afterimages introspection studies on afterimages 1 Room with one window have them dark adapt then look outside for a few minutes at sky then shuts window experience afterimage and report experience characteristics a If people trained there is a consistent pattern b Flight of colors after 30 second blue red green darker something mechanical about it 2 Criticism told them how to respond inconsistent way that s why result were consistent The Experimentalists 1 Got mad at APA and formed his own group a Getting too broad too many categories of psychology diversity vii Demise 1 Ignored animal studies abnormal psychology personality learning developmental evolutionary theory he was too narrow 2 Titchener s refusal of applied psychology b Edwin G Boring 1886 1968 History i Student of Titchener ii History of Experimental Psychology 1929 1950 c Emil Kraepelin 1856 1926 Clinical Psychology i MD 1878 ii 1883 classifications of mental disorder 1 In order to get diagnosis track progression of symptoms different than before him old way was to give a diagnosis based on a snapshot of their behavior Kraepelin brought in the idea that the diagnosis may change 2 Substance dependence a Interested in effects of drugs would test by giving the drugs to himself b Found that placebos happen c Found there s different effects depending on drugs type of drug i Direct effects are different ii Add alcohol to see if changes happen iii Physiological consequences vs zap out their will 1 Some are more medically dangerous I
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