PSY 401 1st Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture I Early Neuroscience Brain Location a Franz Joseph Gall 1758 1828 i Doctrine of the Human skull ii Faculty Psychology iii Johann Spurzheim b Pierre Flourens i Ablation ii Action commune Outline of Current Lecture I Early Neuroscience Brain Localization a Pierre Flourens i Action Commune 1 Phineas Gage b Karl Lashley i Rat Studies c Paul Broca i Patient tan ii Expressive Aphasia iii Broca s Area d Carl Wernicke i Wernicke s aphasia e Fritsch and Hitzig i Stimulation of motor cortex ii Contralateral brain body relationship Current Lecture I Early Neuroscience Brain Localization a Pierre Flourens Distribution i Action Commune 1 Phineas Gage a Tamping rod through the frontal lobe b Recovery of function brain reorganized itself to make up for what he had lost c Personality changes b Karl Lashley 1890 1958 Distribution These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute i Rat studies to examine if memory is localized ii Had rat learn the maze iii Cut out parts of the brain 1 Manipulated location cut out size cut out iv Put them back in the maze to see if they could still remember v Found the location of the part cut out did not matter but the amount size taken out did matter vi Concluded that memory representation was distributed in the cortex vii Criticisms from other researchers there are many other functions besides memory involved with a complex task such as navigating through a maze c Paul Broca 1524 1880 Localization i Patient tan could only say one word 1 He had epilepsy and one severe seizure caused damage to his brain in the left frontal lobe 2 Lost ability to generate produce speech ii Expressive Aphasia loss of articulate speech production of speech iii Broca s area the location damaged in the left frontal lobe in patient tan that is responsible for speech production d Carl Wernicke 1848 1905 i Wernicke s aphasia damage to area in left temporal lobe that is responsible for speech comprehension ii Showed that language had different components that corresponded with different parts of the brain e Fritsch 1838 1927 and Hitzig 1838 1907 localization i Stimulation of motor cortex in dogs ii Found that stimulation in one hemisphere corresponded with the opposite side of the body iii Contralateral brain body relationship
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