AMH 2020 HIS OF US SINCE 1865 COMPLETE FINAL EXAM REVIEW Scott Shubitz The House Un American Activities Committee HUAC Late 1947 began to subpoena people in Hollywood to determine the role of Communism in Hollywood MOST PEOPLE PROUDLY PARTICIPATED Walt Disney Reagan Provided names of Communists and people who had Communist network MIGHT be know a Communist Some people didn t testify freely and were forced to talk Are you have you ever been a member of the Communist party of the US Committee soon identified TEN suspected Communists Hollywood Ten writers directors All ten had some kind of association with the Communist party all refused to cooperate PLEAD THE FIRST free speech DIDN T WORK First Amendment doesn t protect from repercussions of not cooperating within a court of law ALL MEN Charged with contempt of Congress lost jobs went to prison for not cooperating Illustrated that 1st a m e n d m e n t w o u l d n o t p r o t e c t f r o m l a w people began to plead the FIFTH No one should be compelled to be a witness against themselves 5th protected many people from charge of contempt from Congress HOWEVER you were blacklisted immediately assumed to be a Communist grounds for job dismissal As a result FIRST OFFICIAL BLACKLIST OF HOLLYWOOD Blacklist unofficial list of suspected Communists associators lasted from 1947 until the 1960s 1 Came about when people decided they weren t going to employ suspected communists 2 NOT JUST ONE LIST NOT ALWAYS WRITTEN EVERY ORG HAS ITS OWN LIST 3 4 Some people were blacklisted because their names came up in discussion 5 Not limited to actors it was anyone in any industry or business If you support World Peace you MUST support Soviet Union Red Channels 1950 Pamphlet that named over 150 involved in a Communist conspiracy to turn the US citizens against the US gov t Incl Langston Hughes Peter Seeger actually was a Communist for a while lost his career overnight when his name appeared on a Blacklist Peter Seeger testified to being a Communist up until the 1940s yet he wouldn t tell on anyone else so he was sentenced to a year in prison see image P Seeger HUAC then moved on to investigating Communist infiltration of the US government Whitaker Chambers works TIME magz Admitted to being a Communist in the 1930s Participated in a spy ring to gather info for the Soviets but he claims to have found God which led him to become an anti Communist Provided a list of Communists Alger Hiss Supported claim by leading FBI onto his farm and went to a hollowed pumpkin full of documents written by Hiss hidden from Communist agents for fear that they would deny his claims Hiss close advisor to Pres Truman Denied knowing Chambers Convicted of perjury and sentenced to 5 yrs in prison Citizens viewed the President Truman as soft on Congress viewed the Communist conspiracy as a way of Republicans to try to prove that they are more anti Communist than the party within the White House Joseph McCarthy influential anti Communist crusader republican senator from Wisconsin He was NOT in HUWAC Secretary of state is protecting 205 Communists died of alcoholism jackass McCarthyism paranoid search for a hidden enemy enemy among us 1 Voice of America McCarthy s first target in investigating Communism government radio station most transmissions were placed along borders to transmit amid Communist countries west east Germany propaganda tool McCarty said it wasn t doing its job failed investigation though 2 State Department McCarty said state s libraries held books that promoted Communism and needed to be searched MANY BOOKS WERE BANNED Thoreau s Civil Disobedience 3 Most Famous Case US ARMY McCarthy said he d heard about a dangerous spy ring among Army officials said a major was suspected of being a Communist Army McCarthy Hearings confrontation between him Army 36 days fully televised court case McCarthy disrespected high ranking officials and aimed charges which could not be proven OUTCOME INCONCLUSIVE US citizens realized McCarthy was a rude man who had no regard for people he lost much popularity Post McCarthyism Films Books played off fears of fear of Communism what it d be like to be under Soviets played on the manhood of the American male RED MENACE played upon fears of Communist subversion in the US Incomes were rising hadn t been this high since 1920 s 1 Americans had been unable to spend on consumer goods during the war 2 3 Americans who had served during the war had saved a lot of money 4 America was becoming an exporting powerhouse due to other countries industries 4 15 2013 Reasons for Postwar Prosperity being destroyed American Dream transforms 1 American family 2 Education 3 Good job 4 Home ownership Now more attainable than ever FAMILY Baby Boom massive increase in the amount of children in an American family post WW2 due to 1 Men coming come 2 Marriage rates increased 3 People can now afford children 4 People began to get married immediately after high school and had children soon after marriage EDUCATION Baby Boomers people born during the baby boom duh Colleges became much more important Even if you don t go to the college you may root for their team inhabit central role in American lives Universities expanded more than ever before Post war enrollment caused the creation of more buildings Added dorms LIKE BELLAMY ON CAMPUS Hayday of community colleges Brought forth the idea of spending money to promote growth of technology and science BETTER tanks rockets bombs Cold War Research University beneficiaries of federal grants aimed at benefitting the US military basically schools who researched ways to produce bigger and or better artillery would receive federal grants to fund the research JOBS US became the first Post Industrial Economy economy is primarily based on services instead of manufacturing Blue Collar workers under the system of mass production mechanic coal miner factory worker White Collar Service jobs such as medical law sciences People were now working in service sectors instead of in the field or factory HOME OWNERSHIP Everything spurred the demand of a home Spawned the idea of The Suburbs where the city met the country Levittowns name of four large suburban developments created in the United States of America by Levitt Sons Built in the post WWII era for returning veterans and their new families the communities offered attractive alternatives to cramped central city locations and apartments These came standard with a white picket fence green lawn and
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