Unformatted text preview:

AMH 2020 Chapter 17: The Civil WarWhat Is The Cause?- Slavery is widely believed to be the root of The Civil War- Slavery existed in the North, died out mainly near the revolutionary period- All original colonies had slaves- Almost all “causes” can be tied back to slavery- Because of slavery, Northerners and Southerners have different ways of life- Economically - Socially- Historians do not believe that slavery is the reason - Sectionalism is another cause- Different sections of the country wanting and believing different things- North and South did not agree on tariffs, centralized banking systems, expansion of slavery into territories (South believed that if slavery didn’t expand, it would die), what should be done with land, railroads, and state rights- Declining Southern influence in government might have been another cause Northern Advantage- The north has 23 states and 22 million people- But, some of those states (boarder states like California and Oregon) would not contribute to the Northern cause- They had a well-established central government- A government that was recognized abroad- Surpassed the South:- In population; They have more people- More natural resources - More financial wealth- More transportation facilities - Produced most of the nation’s foodstuff and manufactured goods- They do not need to import because it is made there- They had a large-scale labor supply- Had no major handicaps - Ex. South is a one-crop economy, they depend on cotton, and need to import manufactured goodsSouthern Advantage- 11 states and 9 million people- 5 and a half million are white- 3 and a half million are slaves- The South was fighting a defensive war on their own soil- It does not take as many troops to defend - Fighting against a friendly population- South had a higher morale (confidence) - They were fighting for something that was easy to get aroused about...for their independence (They were passionate)- Hoped for aid from France and England- France and England purchased a good deal of their cotton- They were so dependent on it that they joined their cause- Slaves expected to provide food and supplies- This meant that white men could go off and fight the war and not have to worry about it- Questionable Advantages:- Military leaders and soldiers can be considered superior than those of the North - North had political appointees; South’s had been trained in the art of warfare- They lived outdoors moreCivil War (Con’t)- It was unexpected how long it was; 4 years.- Despite the advantages of the North and the South, neither side was prepared- War supplies lacked- Raw troops had to be trainedBattle Of Antietam - Most deciding aspect of the war- Southern invasion of North soil- Bloody fight- It was a draw military wise, but a North victory in the long run- Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation- Issued by Abraham Lincoln - Stated that if the Southern states in rebellion would not come back within 100 days, the slaves would be freed- January 1, 1963: Declared slaves in confederate states free- Didn’t affect slave states that stayed in the union- It was always a moral crusade for southerners, now it is one for North - Civil War ended April 1864- Number of deaths surpasses- 618,000 dead; 415,000 wounded- This conflict tore families apart- Brothers were fighting each other in disagreement, churches were divided over slavery and survival of the union- It was a “war between the states”Emancipation Proclamation- Ensured the end of slaveryBehind The Lines- The Homestead Act of 1862: - Deals with land (out in the west and what should be done with it)- Any citizen can claim up to 160 acres of land- Live on the land for 5 years- Must show improvement on the land- Build a house, plant house, grow a garden- Then you can get title to that land for a very small fee- North and South could not agree with this- Morrill Act 1862:- Raised tariff considerably - By the end of war, it is 3 times higher than before- Has always been an issue- North wanted a protective tariff- Transcontinental Railroad 1862- Created two corporations to build a railroad to connect east and west coastReconstruction- 1865-1877- Lincoln planned 10 percent plan- Southern state could be readmitted into Union once 10 percent of its voters swore an allegiance to the union- This plan was thought to be too lenient. Radicals wanted to ensure that slavery was ended, black rights were protected, and the power of the planter class was destroyed before readmitting the southern states.- April 9, 1865: General U.S Grant- Met General Robert E. Lee- Lee was to surrender to the army of the North Virginia - Marked the end to one of the most tragic wars in history- Millions worth of property destroyed- Most Southerners did not own slaves- Many of the men were just fighting for something they believe in: their way of life, slavery, etc- Southern states restored into the Union is “Reconstruction”- Problems:- Economic- South had to be rebuilt- They suffered from war, lack of food, ruined plantations, now free blacks testing freedom, and white abandoning- Political - Southern states brought back to the union- State government had to be recreated in these Southern states- Social- Hate and bitterness needed to be put aside - Status of free men and woman had to be established in meaning- Almost 4 million blacks freed - Now they were the responsibility of the nation- Dying of starvation and disease - Congress passed: Bureau of Refugees, Freedom and Abandoned Lands - Freedom’s Bureau - Helps slaves into transition into freedom- Head of agency is General Otis Howard- CommissionerFreedom’s Bureau (Con’t)- Issue rations- Gave good, clothing, medicine to poverty stricken- Supervise labor system - Now slaves have to be paid for their labor, not cheated - Try to make sure they are not taken advantage of - Make sure white land owners have the labor they need- Write contracts- Secure land- 1866 homeland act pass- Justice- Special courts so blacks can get justice in the legal systemv- Serves as a “missing persons” bureau- They are trying to reunite families that have been torn apart due to slavery-Education- Before, it was illegal to teach blacks to read and write- Help set up an extensive system of school for blacks- Working with other groups and organizations; working together- One Ex. American Missionary Association - Northern whites could donate to help the newly freed people- Some people devote their whole lives to helping them


View Full Document

FSU AMH 2020 - Chapter 17: The Civil War

Documents in this Course
Notes

Notes

3 pages

Notes

Notes

9 pages

Notes

Notes

2 pages

EXAM 1

EXAM 1

25 pages

Truman

Truman

7 pages

EXAM 2

EXAM 2

44 pages

Notes

Notes

11 pages

Test 2

Test 2

43 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

44 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

31 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

5 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

16 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

25 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

18 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

5 pages

Test 3

Test 3

19 pages

Test 3

Test 3

23 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

42 pages

Rationing

Rationing

16 pages

Notes

Notes

10 pages

TEST 2

TEST 2

19 pages

Load more
Download Chapter 17: The Civil War
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Chapter 17: The Civil War and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Chapter 17: The Civil War 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?