FSU AMH 2020 - Isolationists vs. interventionists

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Key Terms Week 10 11 06 2013 Isolationists vs interventionists Republicans vs Democrats Isolationists wanted us to stay out of WWII because of losses in WWI and is why we ignore the stuff in Europe in the 30s Interventionists believed we should get involved Appeasement Appeasement was used by European democracies in the 1930s who wished to avoid war with the dictatorships of Germany and Italy bearing in mind the horrors of World War I Imperial presidency far reaching use abuse of presidential power in the second half of the 20th century War Power Act gives FDR tons of power commander and chief Large staff Roosevelt and Stalin make important agreements that never come into effect If they had been made there may not have been a Cold War Pivotal moment Yalta UN is created Harry S Truman 1945 1952 reelected 48 Democrat Truman wants to be tough on USSR and communism Calls for dramatic expansion of new deal including another Bill of Rights for Americans o Right to good work o Good housing o Adequate medicine o Good education Wants to extend the new deal with the Fair Deal o Proposes national health care Denounced as socialized medicine o Aid to education and housing o Expansion of Social Security o Higher minimum wage o New agricultural program o Hindered by Red Scare Drops atomic bomb to end war Wins again in 1948 vs o Thurmond Dixiecrat stole south led to south leaving democratic party in 60s o Dewey Republican Foreign Policy o Intervene to prevent conflicts First problems were in eastern Europe o Soviets established satellite countries Germany Demilitarize US wanted economic recovery Soviets wanted Germany weak Divide Germany and Berlin Iron Curtain division of east and west Europe announced by Churchill Truman spoke out for civil rights o Created the President s Committee on Civil Rights o First to address the NAACP wanted equal rights o Failed to act aggressively o Desegregated military o Set agenda for years to come Used executive power in Korea Week 11 Military industrial complex Grew in influence in govt and life Defense contractors wanted more money Warfare state George F Kennan American diplomat who sent a telegram from Moscow embassy the long telegram says communism doesn t really exist o Stalin wants world control Wants to stop spread of Stalin s reign Begins containment doctrine rationale for US power worldwide Russians intercept telegram o Marked a critical turning point in the Cold War providing Believes we should give Europe a lot of money to help them get back on their feet Containment Stop the rise of communism Truman Doctrine who resist as well The US will resist Soviet military power and support those countries Leads to us supporting Turkey and Greece We need to help Europe s economy to protect them from communism Came from domino theory North Atlantic Treaty Organization First attempt at collective security Mutual defense pact 12 countries First peacetime treaty Warsaw Pact 1955 Albania Hungary east Germany USSR etc Mutual defense pact Establishes a buffer zone between him and the West Response to NATO Korean War Colony is divided N S NK is communist SK is democracy Had been waging war since 1945 want all out war denied by sponsors Stalin okays surprise attack on SK Truman calls for police action in NK UN army predominantly American led by McArthur o Reclaims area lost previously back to 38th parallel o We push far north then retreat to parallel NK is aligned still with Soviets SK signed defense agreement with US First Proxy battle Signed armistice in 1953 Truman moves troops without congressional approval Neither unleashed atomic weapon o Laid ground rules Expanded influence into Asia expands containment policy Foreign policy becomes more militarized and more expensive and global o Don t try to appease USSR go on the offensive o Oppose anything the soviets do Wanted containment not control Classic Liberalism individual liberty over government intervention Liberal denotes support for free market policies weak governments traditionally Laissez faire capitalism Keep government small Not actually about being politically liberal at all Republicans New Deal Social Liberalism Nation state responsible for citizens welfare Welfare state Government support helps to preserve citizens liberty Doesn t take away individuality makes it stronger Politically liberal Democrats preserving the core of the welfare state but putting in new politics such as containment policies and fighting subversives at home Cold War liberalism Democrats Red Scare Subversives believers in communism in America Contributes to fair deal not working Alger Hiss o Aid to FDR went to Yalta o Accused by Whitaker Chambers of passing documents Tried by Nixon and found guilty of perjury Far reaching and longer than post WWI scare Truman not tough enough on communism o Issues executive order 9835 Creates loyalty security program Permits govt to investigate any federal employee to find subversives 2 5 million investigated Extends executive power Broad enough to let anyone become accused of anything Applied way too liberally House of Unamerican Activities Committee o Launched by congressional conservatives o Investigated past and present political associations o Started red scare by publicizing trials o Hollywood 10 Group of film biz people sent to jail Hundreds of people blacklisted Joseph McCarthy R finale of Red scare o List of 205 communists State department o Never gives up list of names nor gives proof Spends next four years as chairman of committee of communist affairs Go against him against communism Truman believes its slander o Goes against democrats o By 1954 the act is getting old Launches investigation vs army douche finally He loses support overnight o Gets dismissed dies from cirrhosis o Red Scare tied to McCarthy ism Gets called out by officer Americans see him as a Dwight D Eisenhower 1952 1960 Modern Republicanism o Updates approach by moderating the welfare state o Moderate Middle Way o Resisting additional federal intervention in economic and social life but not going back to the 20s o Democratic Congress added to his moderate approach Sees the world in cold war polarities R s rally around him but the party itself remains divided o Isolationists vs anticommunists Nixon is VP Foreign Policy Increases veteran benefits housing construction of highways SS and minimum wage o Containment o Stalin dies and starts 3 year struggle over who will control the party Nikita Khrushchev Announces Stalin was a


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FSU AMH 2020 - Isolationists vs. interventionists

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Rationing

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