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AMH2020 Final Exam Study Guide- Harry S. Trumano Served as President for 7 years (1945-1953) Important to American development- First movement of Civil Rights- Economy takes off- Start to see a turn in American politicso Not Presidential material From Missouri- Born 1884 Ambition was to go to West Point- Had vision problemso Was unable to go West Point- Joined the Missouri National Guardo Military officer in France during WWI After WWI became a lawyer, then a judge, and senator- 1944; running candidate for Roosevelto Roosevelt wanted him because he could relate toordinary Americanso FDR died in 1945 from brain hemorrhage Truman becomes Presidento First issue as President G.I. Bill- 9 million discharged in 1945-1946o Afraid economy will sink and unemployment rates will spike- Passed in 1944, went through Congress- Put 20 billion dollars aside for servicemen/ women when they came backo 52 weeks of unemployment benefitso Provided scholarships for veterans to go to college Job market will stabilize over four years when they are in college Provided money for housing, books, etc.o Provided low interest loans for houses Houses weren’t being built during great depression- Housing market collapsed Jumpstarted housing/ construction industry- Sparked other industries as well- G.I.’s who decided not to go to college pushed women out of the work forceo Women who worked in workforce during WWII, were pushed out by servicemen Many books came out the dealt with women in the workforce- Common sense of Baby & Childcare (1946) by Dr. Benjamin Specko Said Women had to be primary caregivers of children or children we be destroyedo Success is based on success on raining children- Modern Women: The lost Sex (1946) by Maryina Farnham and Ferdinand Lundbergo If a women didn’t have children women would become emotional disturbedo Workforce was a male endeavoro Job was to give love and care to returning veterans After both books were out women became housewiveso At the same time, US economy was pushed forward Needed household items American industry grew- 20 million refrigerators bought from 1946-1950- Electric stoves, and dishwashers- 21 million new cars between 1946-1950o Every family by 1950 had atleast one car- Americans were buying appliancesand cars on credito Installment plans with interest Housing shortage after WWII- William Levitt helped veteranso Construction supervisor in WWII In charge of buildingbarrackso Had family construction company in New York City Brought over Naval idea of assembly construction techniques Crews with certain jobs- Suburbso In 1946 Levitt started building suburbs Community on Long Island (Levittown) as well as Philadelphia,and other North Eastern Communities- Commuter Community One crew would lay foundation, framing, roofing, etc. Built 140,000 homes- All houses were the sameo 2 bedroom/ 1 bathroom homeso 3 different designso Cost $7,000o People started copying Levittown in other areas throughout the United States.- Taft—Hartley Act (1947)o In 1946, midterm election Election for House of Representatives and senators- Republicans gained control of the house of Representativeso First time since 1932- People tired of democrats’ decisions during WWII One large piece of Legislation was passed- Taft—Hartley Act (1947)o Robert Taft (President Taft’s son) Banned the close shop- Only hiring union members Permitted employers to sue unions for broken contracts or damages inflicted during strikes Forced unions to abide by sixty—day “cooling off” period before strike after theannouncement Required unions to make public their financial statements—believed they were giving money out. Forbade union leaders to swear they were not communistso Truman vetoes Taft—Hartley Act But was still overruled by the House of Representatives- Civil Rights Movemento Picks up stem in WWII NAACP tried to use corps as an integration- AA helped fight and build defense mechanism Industrieso But didn’t have many rights due to segregation Double V campaign - V stands for victoryo Used in WWII as victory over Japan and Germanyo Double V also included victory over discrimation at home Gets a boost in 1947- Jackie Robinsono Born in Cairo, Georgiao Raised in California All American half back and track star at UCLAo Signed a minor league contract with Kansas Monarchs Signed with Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947- Endured death threats- Rookie of the Year- First African American player to play in the major league - 1948 Electiono Democratic Convention Herbert Humphrey the major of Minneapolis- Believed democrats should push civil rightso All southern Members of convention walked out and formed States Rights Party Nominated Strom Thurmond Main issue to stop civil rightso Republicans nominated Thomas Dewey Dewey didn’t know how to talk/ hold a conversation Bland Didn’t campaign- Believed he would win due to split in Democratic Partyo Truman takes a train trip for campaign in election Traveled 31,00 miles 357 speeches throughout the countryo Predictions said it would be close election Dewey had lead in North Once Western States votes were counted Truman won electiono The most important thing about the election was the States Right Partyo Southern States were never voted Democrat until 1992 In 1952 and 1956; didn’t vote Democrat because of Eisenhower 1960; Didn’t vote for JFK because he was Irish Catholic 1964; Because of George McGlover- Georgia in 1976 voted Harvey—only state until 1992 to vote democrat- Truman’s second termo 1949 Initiates Civil Rights Commission- No real power to change- Make recommendation on how to changeo All were defeated- Wanted to pass anti-lynchingo If African American committed crime they were hung from a tree- Recommend segregation ended, integrate schooling andhousingo Never passed Filibusters lasted days at a timeThe Cold War (1945-1956)- Foreign affairs were a whole different light after WW!!- Europe 1945o Hitler binds alliance together (Russia, United States, and Britain) Once Hitler dies alliance isn’t needed- Russia is paranoido Constantly invadedo Overrun other countries on the way to Germany Were going to back out after war- Never did- Bugger state between themselves and western states (Poland, Czech Republic, etc.) to prevent invasiono First line of contention- America had atomic bombs and Russia


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FSU AMH 2020 - Final Exam Study Guide

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Truman

Truman

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EXAM 2

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Notes

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Test 2

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Exam 2

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Exam 3

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Exam 3

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Test 3

Test 3

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Test 3

Test 3

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Exam 2

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Rationing

Rationing

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