Chapter 13 Emerging adulthood the late teens through the mid to late twenties has become a distinct period of life course Point in life where young adults figure out who they are Opportunity to try out different ways of living Behavioral influences on health what people eat affects how they look how they feel and how likely they are to Diet get sick and even die People ages 18 30 who ate a good diet are less likely than those who have diet high in red meat to get high blood pressure Weight gain obesity 08 If overweight and obesity are categorized together than 68 of the population of the US would meet the criteria 34 of men and women 20 years and older were obese in 07 Experts point to increase in snacking portions high fat diets labor saving technologies high processed foods and sedentary lifestyle contribute to the epidemic Obesity leads to depression high blood pressure heart disease stroke diabetes gall stones arthritis and other musculoskeletal problems It decreases life expectancy and increases risk of cancer Modifying environment is the best way to monitor food intake Young adults are busy so sleep is not adequate thus effecting physical Sleep cognitive and emotional health and social functioning Lack of sleep increases mistakes makes driving dangerous impairs learning decreases concentration and memory Increases risk of depression Adequate sleep improves learning of complex motor skill and prevents burnout Barriers to healthy lifestyle smoking and drinking are barriers to healthy lifestyle Indirect Influences on health Socioeconomic status higher income people rate their health as better and live longer than lower income people Less education increases chances of dying of communicable disease injuries and chronic illness dying of homicide or suicide Social Relationships Vital to health and well being social integration active engagement in a broad range of social relationships activities and roles Ex Spouse parent neighbor colleagues Strong social ties decrease stress levels Income and education are related to environment and lifestyle factors that tend to be causative of good health Social Support material informational and psychological resources derived from the social network in which a person can rely on for help with coping with stress Marriage offers both social support and social integration so it benefits health especially for men Married people are more healthy than any other Alcoholism A chronic disease involving the use of alcohol causing interference with normal functioning and obligations Treatment detoxification removing all alcohol from body hospitalization medication individual and group psychotherapy AA Peak of illicit drug use most popular drug use of illicit drug use peaks at 18 25 Usage rate drops sharply in the 20s and declines more slowly as enter 30s and old age Marijuana is the most popular drug 16 3 of 18 25 y o had used MJ in the last month Infertility 1 cause for men and women Infertility is the inability to conceive a baby in a period of 12 months with the absence of birth control medication 1 cause Men production of too few sperm Ejaculatory duct could be block or sperm can not swim well enough to reach the cervix may have genetic basis Woman failure to produce ova or normal ova mucus in the cervix which might prevent sperm from preventing it disease of the uterine lining which prevents implementation of fertilized ovum Major cause after 30 is the deterioration of the ova Most common cause is blockage of fallopian tubes preventing ova from reaching the uterus Scare tissue from STDS cause blockage Physical disorders are PCOS and POI Post formal thought mature type of thinking that relies on subjective experience and intuition as well as logic and allows room for ambiguity uncertainty consistency contradiction imperfection and compromise Generally begins in emerging adulthood often through exposure to higher education Emotional intelligence EI the ability to understand and regulate emotions It is an important component of effective and intelligent behavior Refers to 4 related skills perceive use understand and manage regulate emotions to achieve goals EI effects the quality of relationship Higher EI means better relationships Low EI consume more alcohol and drug use College transition Between 1972 2005 the proportions of US high school grads that went straight to a 2 or 4 year college grew from 50 to over 2 3 s More women than men go to college 58 percent of people ages 25 29 have completed atlleast some collegiate work online classes are growing in popularity Spillover hypothesis hypothesis that there is a carryover of cognitive gains from work to leisure that explains the positive relationship between activities in the quality of intellectual functioning substantive complexity of work strongly influences the intellectual level of leisure activities Chapter 14 Recentering The process that underlines the shift to an adult identity Three stage process in which power responsibility and decision making gradually shift from the family of origin to the independent young adult Stage 1 The beginning of emerging adulthood the individual is still embedded in the family of origin but expectations for self reliance and self directedness begin to increase Stage 2 During emerging adulthood the individual remains connected to may be financial dependent on but no longer embedded in the family of origin Temporary exploratory involvements and a variety of college courses jobs and intimate partners mark the stage Towards its end the individual is moving towards serious commitments and the resources to supports them Stage 3 Usually by age 30 the individual moves into young adulthood This stage is marked by independence from the family of origin while retaining close ties to it and commitment to a career a partner and possibly children Adult relationship with parents parental acceptance empathy and support and attachment to the parents remain a key ingredient of well being Parents and young adult children get along best when the young adult is following a normative life course but has deferred the responsibly of parenthood until other adult roles are well established Quality of higher quality relationship when child is able to maintain good relationships with parents while maintaining their own autonomous lives Failure to launch young adults are forced to remain somewhat dependent largely out of economic concerns and the need to obtain training or schooling to a
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