Pages 271 300 Ch 6 motivation 199 221 sex hunger and eating Chapter 8 social interaction and influence pg 271 300 Chapter 9 abnormal treatment and behaviors part 1 Chapter 10 abnormal treatment and behaviors part 2 basic physiological factors that affect eating serotonin how do we know we re hungry leptin neurotransmitter released from fat cells that tell you when you re full metabolism the process by which cells in our body produce energy glucose energy source that our cells use for metabolism level is monitored by the liver if glucose gets low we feel hungry ventromedial hypothalamus tells us when we are hungry lateral hypothalamus tells us when we re full stimulated when levels of glucose are high energy is stored in fat cells in the body biological factors that influence hunger genetics set point fat cells of fat cells are inherited psychological factors stress cultural differences exercise diet body image obesity BMI 30 obesity can lead to depression causes of obesity too many calories exercise and diet low metabolism low serotonin decreased amounts of leptin anorexia nervosa refusal to maintain body weight at an appropriate level true anorexia out of control strategic anorexia to maintain a goal low level of serotonin in the hypothalamus co occurs with anxiety and depression and genetic factors 75 in identical twins abnormal behavior distress abnormal behavior causes distress ex people with OCD have large amounts of distress if they don t do their compulsions disability ability to function normally has been impaired deviance deviating from normal standards of behavior DSM diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders historical background supernatural explanations ex devil and exorcism physiological explanations humane care psychological explanations modern explanations psychodynamic explanation and psychotherapy learning explanation and behavior therapy cognitive explanation and cognitive behavior therapy physiological explanation and drugs disorders as packages symptoms causes and treatments different disorders have different causes the same disorder can have different causes different treatments must be used to treat different causes physiology provides the final pathway to symptoms anxiety disorders phobias agoraphobia public social phobias others criticism specific phobias causes and treatments classical conditioning and extinction generalized anxiety disorder prolonged period of stress without any specific stimulus causes unconscious conflicts classical conditioning incorrect beliefs underactive inhibitory neurons treatments antianxiety drugs that increase GABA relaxation training and cognitive therapy panic disorder overly sensitive respiratory control center serotonin is neurotransmitter of respiratory control center mood disorders PTSD OCD Bipolar disorder OCD classical conditioning incorrect beliefs and exposure and response prevention dissociative disorders depersonalization 1 schizophrenia is a disorder classified by symptoms such as a hallucinations b delusions c disruptions of thought processes d all of the above 2 Hallucinations involve a bizarre beliefs that are held despite evidence to the contrary b sensory experiences that do not have a basis in reality c problems with thought processes that usually result from distraction d none of the above 3 while some individuals with schizophrenia are able to function effectively in society many other individuals with schizophrenia experience a a decline in intellectual functioning 4 symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations delusions a positive symptoms 5 a high level of dopamine leads to a high level of neurological activity being carried up to the higher areas of the brain and the high level of neurological activity in the cortex leads to the positive symptoms of schizophrenia 6 drugs that reduce dopamine activity are effective for reducing the positive symptoms of schizophrenia 7 negative symptoms of schizophrenia result from a excessively low levels of neurological activity in the brain 8 child rearing factors do NOT cause schizophrenia 9 neuroleptics treat schizophrenia atypical neuroleptics specialize between motivation 1 the homeostatic explanation involves behaving in ways that will maintain our optimal level of arousal
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