10 17 2013 Components of love o Intimacy a component of love that involves emotional closeness o Passion component of love that involves romantic and sexual arousal o Decision commitment a component of love that involves the decision that an individual loves another person and is committed to maintaining the relationship Stress The process that leads to stress and defense o Awareness and appraisal of a stressor I failed the exam and that s serious because I might fail the course o Attempts to cope with the stressor I m going to study really hard for the next exam o If coping is effective the process is stopped o Stress response Cognitive component I can t deal with this I m stressed out Physiological component increased arousal such as heart rate muscle tension o Possible use of defense mechanisms Denial that wasn t an important exam it was just a quiz Suppression I think I ll go watch TV and forget about this o If the defense is effective stress is reduced but the stressor remains and may cause problems later Other factors in the control of stress o Social support counseling and psychotherapy o Writing about stress o Aerobic exercise o Meditation and biofeedback Meditation resting Biofeedback getting feedback on what is happening in your body blood flow heart rate etc There is no evidence that it is effective for reducing stress 10 22 2013 Mind body dualism what goes on in the mind influences health Maladaptive behaviors smoking bad diet riding a motorcycle without a helmet Stress physiological arousal leading to illness Coronary artery disease accumulation of cholesterol in the arteries o Reduced blood flow through the arteries o Heart isn t getting enough blood neither are muscles leads to heart attack o Produce more cholesterol when under stress o Myocardial infarction The same process that leads to cardiovascular problems also leads to strokes cerebral problems Things that lead to cardiac problems o Type A behavior pattern Time urgency hostility competitiveness Vastly increased risk for heart attacks Are under stress start producing more cholesterol and cortisol o Cholesterol flaky stuff adrenaline gunky stuff that sticks to the walls of the arteries When under stress arteries set themselves up to get cholesterol stuck on them expand under stress compress when stress passes leading to wrinkles in the walls of the artery When stress passes there are more pauses between beats of the heart and it is during these pauses that cholesterol hooks on to the wrinkles in the walls of the arteries o Surgical procedure coronary bypass o Wire with knife blades hooked to a motor drill through the accumulated cholesterol Angioplasty Insert a stent to hold the walls of the artery open o Psychological approach to prevent more heart attacks Keep them relaxed teach them about healthy diet This is NOT effective people will keep going back to their old Treatment Blood pressure ways o Used to use mercury in a tube to measure blood pressure o High pressure is a problem heart is being forced to work harder and arteries are being stretched resulting in a greater chance of a clogged artery o Strokes result from high blood pressure o What can cause blood pressure to go up Diet Brief increases during certain exercises weightlifting Suppression of emotion o Blood pressures 140 80 high blood pressure 120 80 normal blood pressure o cortisol when level is too high for short periods of time have issues with short term memory when level is too high for long periods of time will do long term damage to the hippocampus 10 24 2013 Personality Personas masks Greek actors wore during plays o This is the word that we get personality from How consistent is personality Is it something you always carry with you or is behavior determined by situations How consistent is your personality over time o Certain traits are steady others are constantly changing What are the major traits in personality o Psychologists have tried to determine what the core personality traits are the big five are Openness Conscientiousness Extroversion Introversion Agreeableness Neuroticism There is some consistency in personality What are the explanations for personality o Psychodynamic explanation Freud s explanation the most popular and at the same time the most wrong First really thorough explanation to come forth o Learning explanation your personality is a function of what you ve learned you learn your traits o Humanistic explanation as humans we are motivated to grow to self actualization the point at which we can experience ourselves and the world at great depth and enjoy it o Cognitive explanation personality is a result of how you view yourself and how you view the world o Physiological explanation personality locked in by genes and levels of neurotransmitters in the brain Psychodynamic Explanation o Sigmund Freud Born to a poor Jewish family Father was a wool merchant Railroad was put in that bypassed their town destroyed father s business Moved to Vienna when Freud was young Social norm to focus all efforts on one child and Freud was identified as the child who was going to get everything in his family o In Freud s childhood everything revolved around him Freud was extremely smart wanted to be a military man or politician but these positions weren t open to Jews o Became a physician instead Coke addict for much of his early life would buy it as a physician and then use it and give it to his friends Goes into practice and it is struggling Josef Breuer a successful physician tells Freud about Anna O o Treats Anna O by talking to her every week rather than treating her with medicine o Freud becomes intrigued by the idea of the talking cure o Wrote Studies in Hysteria together When Breuer and Freud went really deep into Anna O s and other women s problems a lot of sexual problems come up o Breuer and Freud LIED about Anna O o Freudian movement based on LIES Emma Eckstein started having nosebleeds o Freud thought the nosebleeds were psychological o Just had gauze in her nose o Freud and one of his colleagues had already written the case up as a physical problem caused by a psychological problem colleague said to just keep it a secret o The Theory Itself 3 levels of consciousness Conscious Preconscious Unconscious Freud s theory on personality developments 5 stages of development o Oral stage the mouth is the most important thing to a newborn infant because this is the organ of ingestion Erogenous zone an area of the body where internal
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