Human Body Organization ANATOMY the study of the parts of the body and how they relate to each other Gross Macroscopic Anatomy study of large body parts visible to the naked eye Regional Anatomy all structures in a certain region of the body Systemic Anatomy structures of the body are studied by the systems Microscopic Anatomy very small structures that can not be viewed with the naked eye Viewed by a microscope Cytology cells viewed Histology tissues viewed Developmental Anatomy structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span Study Success Observation Manipulation Mastery of anatomical terms Orientation and Directional Terms superior inferior ventral anterior dorsal posterior medial lateral intermediate proximal distal superficial deep Body Sections and Planes Frontal coronal Plane Sagittal Plane Transverse Body in Anatomical Position Body Cavities see lab docs The Theme of Compartmentalization PHYSIOLOGY the study of the function of the body s parts Systemic Physiology study of the function of the systems of the body 11 organ systems in the body all work in unison to sustain the human body HOMEOSTASIS PRINCIPLE of Complementarity of structure and function structure defines function 11 Organ Systems in the Human Body 6 Levels of Structural Organization 1 Chemical Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Nervous Endocrine Cardiovascular Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive 2 Cellular 3 Tissue 4 Organ 5 Organ System 6 Organismal HOMEOSTASIS atoms combine to form molecules where biochemical reactions that maintain homeostasis and physiological are occurring continuously in the cells cells are made up of molecules where chemical reactions occur cells are the structural units of all organisms tissues consist of similar types of cells almost all cells in human body except RBCs and sperm congregate aggregate to form communities called tissues organs are made up of different types of tissues at least 2 types with complementary functions with the organ some tissues aggregate to form organs organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely at least 2 organs form an organ system the human organism is made up of 11 organ systems where the organ systems work in unison to sustain life all 11 organ systems work in unison 10 necessary to maintain homeostasis maintenance of a relatively stable internal conditions even though the external environment is changing Homeostatic Imbalances DISEASED STATE most act as stimuli for the activation of the endocrine and nervous system these 2 systems respond to bring the body back into homeostatic balance if not corrected you show the symptoms and signs of a disease Sign observational Symptom have to describe what you are going through subjective balance is required for proper function of organ systems to sustain life Reproductive system is not required present at birth but not functional until at least 10 years later
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