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2/8/12Lipoproteins:1) vLDL2) LDL (bad cholesterol)3) HDL- High density lipoproteins. Major lipid in HDL is cholesterol, but its not in the bloodstream! It transports to the liver for breakdown and elimination from the body, HDL is known as “good cholesterol”Phospholipids:A lipid with a phosphate group attachedStructure: polar head with the non-polar tails. The polar head had the phosphorous containing group and can interact with water. The non-polar tails are 2 free fatty acid chains, they are hydrophobic.Function: Phospholipids are used in the formation or assembly of the plasma membrane. The form micelles:Transport structures in the aqueous environment of the small intestine. These micelles transport fatty elements in the small intestine to the simple columnar cells lining the small intestine. The small intestine allow fatty elements to diffuse into the simplecolumnar cells. Cholesterol:Transported by LDL and HDL1) cholesterol is for the synthesis of the steroid hormones.2) Cholesterol maintains the integrity of the plasma membranes. Eicosanoids:Derived indirectly from phospholipids. 2 types: prostaglandins and leukotrienes.Aspirin inhibits the formation of prostaglandins such as thromboxane A2 which is required for hemostasis (stoppage of bleeding by the formation of blood clots). So aspirin prevents blood clot formation by preventing the formation of thromboxane A2. Since aspirin inhibits blood clots, it is recommended when an individual has a thromboembolic disease.Another type of organic compounds: ProteinsProteins are formed by building blocks called amino acids. 1) primary structure indicates the type and position of the amino acid.a. The primary structure dictates the structure of the protein, hence the primary structure indirectly dictates the function of protein. Structuredetermines function!2) secondary structural level of proteins has 2 types:a. beta pleated sheetsb. alpha helices the primary structure is folded and held together by hydrogen bonds to form the 2 secondary structures. 3) tertiary structural level of proteinsa. some proteins contain the tertiary structureb. take the secondary structures, fold to form compact structures with depthc. results in the 3D structure of the


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UMD BSCI 201 - Lecture notes

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