1/27/122 main body cavities:In frontal cornal cut -> larger ventral body cavityVentral body cavity is subdivided into 2 cavities by a skeletal muscle called the diaphragm The diaphragm separates the body cavity into the superior thoracic and the inferior abdominal pelvic cavitySuperior thoracic cavity houses: Lungs, heart, esophagus, and tracheaInferior abdominal pelvic cavity houses:Most digestive organs, urinary organs, and reproductive organsOrgans have a membrane surrounding the organ. Prevents interference with others, protects from infection, and holds the organ in place.Ex. Kidneys can drop when losing weight because you metabolize the fat membrane around the kidneys (anorexia)Each organ in the ventral body cavity is surrounded by membranes. The membranessurrounding the organs are called serous membranes.Responsible for compartmentalization inside the ventral body cavityThe heart is surrounded by the serous membrane called the pericardial sac.Each lung is surrounded by the serous membrane called the pleural sac (nodirect contact between organs)Organs in the abdominal pelvic cavity are surrounded by the serious membrane called the peritoneal sac.Function of compartmentalization in the human body:1) to isolate each organ, to prevent interference from neighboring organs2) to prevent the spread of infection from one organ to the other3) to hold organs in their right anatomical positions4) to protect against traumathe sacs contain fluid. Blow to the heart? Fluid absorbs and takes the hit/pressureDorsal body cavity:We observe the dorsal body cavity in the sagittal body cutThere are 2 sub-cavitiesSuperior cranial cavity-> houses the brainInferior vertebral cavity -> houses the spinal cordThe central nervous system is in the dorsal body cavityThe brain and spinal cord form the central nervous systemCompartmentalization- the brain is surrounded by a membrane called meninges- the spinal cord is surrounded by a membrane also called meninges, slightly different than the brain’s, there’s 2 layers membrane around the brain and 1 around the spine.Inflammation of the meninges is called meningitis Physiology is a body parts function, refers to biochemical reactions occurring inside cells in the human body. In the human body, we can identify 6 levels of structural complexityLowest level to highest level:Chemical level- defines biochemical levelCellular level- where chemical reactions occurTissue level-4 types of primary tissueOrgan level- an organ consists 2 types of
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