PSYC 107 1st Edition Lecture 19 Intelligence and IQ Outline of Last Lecture I Interference a Retroactive b Proactive II Memory i Maintenance rehearsal ii Elaborate rehearsal III Heuristics a This is the rule of thumb i It is a shortcut that the brain uses 1 Anchoring 2 Representativeness 3 Availability Outline of Current Lecture I Intelligence II III IV V 1 Steven Wiltshire traditional intelligence theory b Psychometric approach Spearman s view of intelligence c Cattell 1 Fluid 2 Crystallized Triarchic theory Creativity How do we measure intelligence a Binet b Stanford Binet i IQ Intelligence quotient Army Testing a Army Alpha was the first group administered test b Army Beta was the version made for people who could not read English Lecture 19 Notes I Intelligence a The ability to learn from experience solve problems and adapt to new situations i It is not enough to know stuff you have to use it and apply it 1 Steven Wiltshire traditional intelligence theory b Psychometric approach Spearman s view of intelligence i G 1 G is the general intelligence factor 2 This explains why people are good at a lot of different stuff ii S 1 Specific informational skills that are needed for narrow domains of skill iii How does G affect S 1 Smarter people take more away from their experiences 2 We think about it 3 Job performance is usually higher c Cattell i He proposed the idea of fluid and crystallized intelligence 1 Fluid a Basic power of reasoning and problem solving i MacGyver 2 Crystallized a Specific knowledge that we gain by applying fluid intelligence Fluid tends to decrease with age as crystallized actually increases i Old people ii Old people have better knowledge about stuff than they do about problem solving II Triarchic theory a B Sternberg i 3 components 1 Analytic ability to solve problems and control intelligence 2 Creative special skills that you create like writing painting 3 Practical street smarts III Creativity a Key ingredients i Expertise need to at least have a good sense of the field ii Imagination see things in a new way ways in which other people would not see them iii Risk taking ability willing to fail What would you do if you could not fail Later payoff with risk now iv Intrinsic interest need to want to be here and be interested in what you are doing v Environment need support for creative thinking Does one have the room space to develop IV How do we measure intelligence a Binet i Created a test to identify students in France that needed special education versus normal schooling ii Age graduate test compared the child s abilities to that of the average of that age of child b Stanford Binet i American version for adults ii English version iii IQ Intelligence quotient 1 Any test made to measure intelligence on an objective standardized scale i Verbal and performance ii Always within a population of your age 2 Mental Age Chronological Age x100 3 An IQ of 100 is average V Army Testing a WWI b Army Alpha was the first group administered test c Army Beta was the version made for people who could not read English i Unfortunately this test was made with American customs and traditions like how to write a letter ii This made immigrants unable to pass despite their intelligence iii Made immigrants seem dumb not fair
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