PSYC 107 1st Edition Lecture 22 Social Influences and Facilitation Outline of Last Lecture I Attributions a Process of explaining the causes of behavior b Biases i Fundamental attribution error ii Ultimate attribution error iii Actor observer bias iv Self serving bias c Ingroup outgroup bias d Stereotypes II Attitudes a Evaluations of objects events or ideas b Learned III Cognitive dissonance a Festinger i He said that people want consistency between attitudes and behavior 1 This is a very uncomfortable thing for people Outline of Current Lecture I Self perception theory a People don t always know what their attitudes are so they look to their behavior and infer their attitudes from their actions b Persuasion II Elaboration likelihood model a We tend to focus on the peripheral things depending on how important they are b Central route high elaboration c Peripheral route low elaboration III Social influence a Social norms IV Social facilitation vs social inhibition a Social facilitation b Social inhibition c Zajonc s Model Lecture 22 Notes V Self perception theory a Name to know Bem b People don t always know what their attitudes are so they look to their behavior and infer their attitudes from their actions c Persuasion i The attempts made to change someone s opinion or frame of mind ii Three factors involved in success of persuasive messages 1 Communicator takes a certain type of person 2 Message content what is the quality of the argument 3 Audience 3 years old versus adults different ages have different perceptions and availability for this VI Elaboration likelihood model a We tend to focus on the peripheral things depending on how important they are b Central route high elaboration i Pay attention to the content of the message ii Carefully process the message c Peripheral route low elaboration i Affected by peripheral cues ii Poor processing of the message VII Social influence a Process whereby the words and actions of others influence us b Social norms i Learned socially based rules that prescribe what we should or should not do ii Example norm of reciprocity 1 If I give you something you give me something back 2 Interesting because if I know you well I will assume that you will pay me back over time and that it will balance out later If I do not know you well you will probably pay me back as soon as possible VIII Social facilitation vs social inhibition a Social facilitation i Presence of others improves our performance b Social inhibition i Performance reduced in presence of others c Zajonc s Model i Presence of Others Arousal Dominant Reponse 1 DR is either correct or incorrect a Incorrect i Leads to social inhibition b Correct i Leads to social facilitation
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