ARHI 2300 1st Edition Lecture 16Outline of Last Lecture I. Old Saint Peter’sII. Sarcophagus of Junius BassusOutline of Current Lecture I. Test InfoII. Hagia Sophia Current LectureI. Test 2a. Wednesday, October 2ndb. 100 pointsi. 6 slide IDs: 3 points each= 18 pointsii. 14 multiple choice/short answer/fill in the blank questions: 3 points each= 42 points1. In notes, keep an eye out for lists of three things iii. 3 diagrams: 3 points each= 9 pointsiv. Comparison essay: 6 points for identifying the two images correctly and 25 points for the essay= 31 pointsII. Hagia SophiaThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Architects: Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletosi. Byzantine, 532-537 CEb. 270 feet long x 240 feet widei. Dome 180 feetc. Built by the Emperor Justinian i. during his reign, there was a tax revolt and people rebelled, and burned down the Hagia Sophia1. people were tired of having their money spend on churches2. Justinian puts the rebellion down and wantED to rebuild the HagiaSophia so that it is even bigger/better than when Constantine builtit 3. In 310 CE, Rome was invaded and sacked. The Western empire started to fall apart a little.d. The Hagia Sophia became a mosque for a while, and some of the Christian artwork was painted over i. In 1934, the Hagia Sophia became a museum. Some of the Christian art was uncovered, but there are still some Islamic symbolse. The architects had to figure out a way to support the dome; even now, we don’t completely understand how it worksi. Dome formation is extended outward with many smaller domes to cover a rectangular area1. Conches= half domesf. Central plan church i. Weight distribution system allowed them to put some windows in ii. As light comes in, it bounces off the mosaics and is transformed into colored lightiii. Hagia Sophia was “ablaze with the gold of heaven itself… seemingly floatsin the air… yet actually it is braced with exceptional firmness and security”g. Familiar terms- narthex, nave, apseh. The emperor was the only person allowed in the apse during mass to assist the priests/bishopsi. Emperor had the title of the “vicar of Christ” (Christ’s assistant on earth) ii. Religious power is now becoming secularizediii. The priest had a greater role than the emperor; the emperor realized thathe has competition, and declared himself as the “vicar” (says that he has the right to assist the priest during communion) iv. Create visual link between emperor and religious leadersi. Mosaic- Virgin Mary and Christ with Justinian and Constantinei. Virgin Mary could intercede on your behalf (most direct link to Jesus); become important to the churchii. Constantine offers her the first Hagia Sophia, and Justinian offers her the second iii. Constantine and Justinian have halos (sign of divinity) along with earthly crown (church and state have now been joined)iv. hierarchy of scale- Mary is bigger than the emperors, and the central figurev. Jesus- is the giver of the law vi. Oval faces, very large eyes, elongation of hands become common in Byzantine art 1. not as concerned with naturalism/proportionj. Gold background suggests the heaves above; Mary is on thronei. Mary is considered the fountain of wisdom; greater importance than just the mother of Christii. Idea that when you die, you do not immediately go to heaven; Christ will come again, and then you will be judged and Mary will intercede on your
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