ARHI 2300 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture I. Lyre Player, Cycladic, ca. 2600-2300 BCE II. Palace at Knossos, Minoan, ca. 1700-1370 BCE III. Bull Leaping, from the Palace at Knossos, Minoan, ca. 1400-1370 BCE IV. Dipylon Krater, Geometric Greek, ca. 740 BCEOutline of Current Lecture I. New York Kouros, Greek Archaic, ca. 600 BCE II. Doryphoros AKA The Spear Bearer, sculptor: Polykleitos, Greek Classical, Roman copyof bronze statue of ca. 450-440 BCECurrent LectureI. New York Kourosa. Kouros figure is a nude male figurei. We don’t know anything about himThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Called “New York” because it is now in the Met. Museum of Art (there are many Kourus figures throughout the world)c. Made of marble- Naxos or Paros in the Cycladic Islandsd. 6ft tall (bigger than life at that time)e. Greece had colonies in Egypt by 600 BCE- for trade, primarily olive oil for grain. We believe the Greeks learned stone carving techniques from the Egyptiansi. Greece at this time loose association of city-states, each independently ruled. Some city-states had a council of elders, others governed by old established families w/money or land, some had elected officials, and Sparta still had a kingii. Because each city state is governed independently, there is a great deal ofcivil war. When not at war, they enjoyed athletic competition Olympic games every four yearsf. Polytheistic culture: envisioned their gods in human terms (the gods were remarkably human, with personalities… often jealous/competing)g. Since they don’t have one ruler, they don’t think of their rulers as gods h. Glorify the human body (b/c for heroes, body was important)II. The Spear Bearera. Roman marble copy, one of 50, after Greek bronze originali. 6 feet 11 inchesb. Made by Polykleitos, who became known as a “Maker of men” (said he could breathe life into an inanimate sculptor)i. Introduce idea of beauty, what the perfect man/woman looked likec. Polykleitos established the Canon to create the perfect human formi. The canon was lost, but the sculpture itself is sometimes called the canond. Pythagoras believed that there was a formula that explained the universei. Polykleitos thought that he could use Pythagoras’ ratios and proportions to create the perfect persone. Symmetria: proportionality (everything measured out very precisely)i. To gaze upon the perfect form, you have a greater understanding of the cosmosii. Even the face has planned rations, but is very natural looking f. This statue became the standard of beauty g. Greeks now want symmetria and rythma in statuesh. Contrapposto- the disposition of the human figure in which one part is turned in opposition to another part, creating a counter positioning or counter balance of the body about its central axisi. E.g. Straight leg balanced by bent arm on the opposite side to create a counter balancei. Rhythmos- create a sense of movement, even in a subtle
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