I Connective cells a Most abundant widely distributed b Highly vascularized except cartilages and tendons and ligaments c Composed of multiple cell types fibroblasts macrophages mast d Extracellular matrix between the cell noncellular nonliving medium for nutrients strength e FUNCTION protects supports and binds together other tissues of the body bones ligaments tendons f Extracellular matrix 2 components i Ground substance composed of liquid gel like semi solid or solid bone In firm tissues cells reside in matrix cavities Lacunae Mostly water along with adhesion proteins and polysaccharide molecules ii Fibers provide support 1 collagen white strongest and most abundant provides high tensile strength 2 elastic yellow networks of long thin wavy elastin fibers that allow for stretch 3 reticular fine short fine highly branched collagenous fibers g Connective tissue derives from mesenchyme h 4 types of adult conn tissue i connective tissue proper areolar adipose reticular dense ii cartilage iii bone iv blood i areolar tissue gel like matrix all 3 fiber types Wraps and cushions organs Located under many epithelium layers packages organs surrounds capillaries j Adipose tissue matrix very sparse dense fat cells pushing nucleus to the side Reserve fuel protects and support organs protects agst heat loss Under skin around kidneys in breasts k Dense regular primarily parallel collagen fibers Fibroblasts main cell type Attached muscles to bones Tendons most ligaments l Cartilage solid firm matrix Dense network of collagen fibers Chondrocytes located in lacunae Supports and reinforces resisting compression Cartilage of ribs nose trachea larynx m Bone hard calcified matrix Many collagen fibers Osteocytes in lacunae Supports and protects other organs provides muscle leverage n Blood fluid matrix plasma containing red and white blood cells Transport of gases nutrients waste o Mitotically active and secretory cells blasts p Mature cells cytes i Fibroblasts in conn tissue proper ii Chondroblasts and chondrocytes in cartilage iii Osetoblasts and osteocytes in bone iv Hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow v Fat cells adipose cells vi White blood cells mast cells macrophages II Muscle elongated cells specialized to contract a 3 types of muscle tissue i skeletal multinucleate parallel striations connected to skeleton allows for voluntary contraction movement of external body parts ii Cardiac urinucleate striated cells branch connecting at intercalated discs Involuntary contractions heart only propels blood iii Smooth urinucleate no striations formed by perpendicular layers of cells involuntary contractions walls of hollow organs stomach bladder III Nervous composed of two cells types a Neurons specialized w 2 abilities Irritability receive stimuli i ii Conductivity transmit stimuli b Neuroglia protect support and insulate neurons
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