IR Lecture 21 Power Power Transitions Security Regimes Ideational Power The deep structure of thought values aspirations goals thoughts categories of mind perceptions SOFT power subcategory of ideational power it is more immediate and context focused It emphasizes a state s ability and determination to manipulate symbols consciously to compete in an anarchic world Nye argued that US soft power declined precipitously under president BUSH Pres Obamas speech to the Turkish parliament What is the relationship between material power both ecoomic and military and ideational power What then is the relationship between material power and soft power Is state competition over soft power zero sum so that if one state gains it another state necessarly loses it What about for ideational power What are the implications Power transition theory levels of power change over time They can change at different rates for different states This proves unsettling for world odder and the society of states It might help to explain WWI WWOII What is the relatioship between change in material power and change in ideational power and soft power changes in level of power Under what circumstances if any might ideational and soft power actually DECREASE with increases in material power SECURITY REGIMES regimes are more enduring than mere temporary arrangement that chane with every shift in power or interests So how does this mark Krasner off as not quite your traditional 7 things regimes do to facilitate cooperation promote iteration when the situation is similar to a prisoner s dilemma 2 facilitate concessionmaking 3 increase the clarity and transparency of state behavior 4 reduce transaction costs for states in their interactions with each other 5 increase the probability that defectors in a PD like situation will be punished 6 identify appropriate targets for punishment 7 ultimately manipulate payoffs in the PD until it becomes a game in which coopeation is valued
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