Units IINucleation addressed the initial insecurity that resulted from becoming sedentary.Settling down led to increased social differentiation, but chiefdoms were unstable.Interaction Capacity IIDevelopments in social technology Reduced interaction capacity; most notably, the number of languages increased.Elites developed their own “lingua Francas” to facilitate the still-important, although essential, extra-regional interaction.Process IISedentary TribesMilitary: Inter-Village warfare becomes common.Socio Cultural: Diplomacy; continued trans-“boundary” pre religious thinking.Economic: Things that could be stored were traded.ChiefdomsMilitary: Was becomes even more significant.Economic: Wealth leads to increased political stability.Socio-Cultural: Chiefs also use culture to establish and consolidate domination – all KINDS of “tools of domination” are invented at this time.How is this significant? (Look at PG. 156) “Midterm” Interpret, what does this tells us about International Relations?“With the establishment of an even-wider…. And built in a larger size and more complex form.”Structure IIMilitary Political: Chiefdoms are too unstable for the dynamics of Neorealist anarchy to appear – most notably, shaping and shoving.Economic: Trade still isn’t regularized or institutionalized into anything resembling “markets.” It also remains to embedded in ritual for market dynamics to govern it.Socio-Cultural: World Society eroded a bit, but important precursors to an international society appeared.Some big, important developmentsHistorical Human Population (Graph)Summary: Basic Changes 5,000 Years AgoAgriculture supplants hunting and gathering.Population growth “takes off.”State supplant chiefdoms and tribesInteraction capacity increases.Inside/Outside distinctions between units and their environments appear.UnitsCity-States and sedentary empires appear in the more populous and wealthier pre-international zones.In steppe and desert regions, nomadic tribes and non-sedentary empires appear.Units: What is a “State?” (Think about it, maybe in midterm)States (definition): are coercion-wielding organizations that are distinct from households and kinship groups and that exercise clear priority in some respects over all other organizations within substantial territories. States seek political autonomy from other to varying degrees and, to an extent, are willing to go to war to preserve it. – Charles TillyUnitsCity-StatesIR 210 Lecture Units II-Nucleation addressed the initial insecurity that resulted from becoming sedentary.-Settling down led to increased social differentiation, but chiefdoms were unstable.Interaction Capacity II-Developments in social technology Reduced interaction capacity; most notably, the number of languages increased.-Elites developed their own “lingua Francas” to facilitate the still-important, although essential, extra-regional interaction.Process II-Sedentary TribesoMilitary: Inter-Village warfare becomes common.oSocio Cultural: Diplomacy; continued trans-“boundary” pre religious thinking.oEconomic: Things that could be stored were traded.-ChiefdomsoMilitary: Was becomes even more significant.oEconomic: Wealth leads to increased political stability.oSocio-Cultural: Chiefs also use culture to establish and consolidate domination – all KINDS of “tools of domination” are invented at this time. How is this significant? (Look at PG. 156) “Midterm” Interpret, what does this tells us about International Relations?-“With the establishment of an even-wider…. And built in a larger size and more complex form.”Structure II-Military Political: Chiefdoms are too unstable for the dynamics of Neorealist anarchy to appear – most notably, shaping and shoving.-Economic: Trade still isn’t regularized or institutionalized into anything resembling “markets.” It also remains to embedded in ritual for market dynamics to govern it. -Socio-Cultural: World Society eroded a bit, but important precursors to an international society appeared.Some big, important developmentsHistorical Human Population (Graph)Summary: Basic Changes 5,000 Years Ago-Agriculture supplants hunting and gathering.-Population growth “takes off.”-State supplant chiefdoms and tribes-Interaction capacity increases.-Inside/Outside distinctions between units and their environments appear.Units-City-States and sedentary empires appear in the more populous and wealthier pre-international zones.-In steppe and desert regions, nomadic tribes and non-sedentary empires appear.Units: What is a “State?” (Think about it, maybe in midterm)-States (definition): are coercion-wielding organizations that are distinct from households and kinship groups and that exercise clear priority in some respects over all other organizations within substantial territories. States seek political autonomy from other to varying degrees and, to an extent, are willing to go to war to preserve it. – Charles