BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 28 Outline of Last Lecture F Clinical Applications Brain trauma or tumors 1 Frontal lobe 2 Parietal lobes 3 Temporal lobes 4 Hippocampus 5 Amygdala 6 Seizures 7 Handedness Outline of Current Lecture I Anatomy of Spinal Cord i Tracts White matter ii Gray Matter iii Roots Current Lecture G Anatomy of the spinal chord transverse cut Gray Matter White Matter These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute i CSF fills the central canal This is the only place for CSF in the PNS ii White matter can also be called tracts I Anatomy of Spinal Cord i Tracts White matter 1 Ascending Tracts Tracts going up to the brain and only carrying sensory information For example feedback from muscles and tendons sensations of touch pressure pain and temperature and proprioception a Proprioception Your sense of your body in space 2 Descending Tracts Tracts going down from the brain carrying motor information only For example fine control of limbs reflexive head turning locomotion balance and posture and controlling head position ii Gray Matter Contains unmyelinated cell bodies neuroglia and short neuronal processes Contains entire unmyelinated association neurons 1 Dorsal posterior horns For sensory input Contains unipolar neurons 2 Ventral anterior horns For motor output iii Roots 1 Dorsal root Sensory afferent only a Dorsal root ganglion A protective house for unmyelinated cell bodies 2 Ventral root Motor efferent only Game 3 Review Troponin Tropomyosin Crossbridges o Troponin 3 part snowman molecules attached to actin and tropomyosin o Calcium released from the terminal cisternae bind to troponin and change its shape o This moves the tropomyosin so that the myosin binding sites are exposed o Myosin heads attach to the myosin binding sites causing crossbridge formation o Power stroke o Ratcheting Skeletal muscles o Prime movers fixators etc o Diagrams to label muscles in short answer o Actions of the muscle in multiple choice Nervous system o Functional divisions Efferent Afferent Somatic Parasympathetic Sympathetic o Neurons function sensory or motor location unipolar bipolar multipolar o Neuroglia which NS they occur in generalized function schwann cells satellite cells Oligodendrocytes astrocytes microglia ependymal cells o Neurons are the only true cells of the NS because they can elicit and transmit an impulse Neuroglia can t do this Brain anatomy o No diagrams o Know definitions of parts o Meninges in anatomical order Dura Arachnoid Pia o Neuriums in anatomical order Epi Peri Endo Brain anatomy o Know lobe located in and function being performed o Clinical applications from lobes presented with a patient and determine which lobe of the brain the problem is in and what the name of the condition is Spinal chord anatomy o 3 Tracts of the brain o No diagram of spinal chord just definitions
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