BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture C Clinical Application ACL Tear D Clinical Application Shoulder Injuries E Clinical Application Osteoarthritis F Clinical Application Rheumatoid arthritis Outline of Current Lecture I Muscle Tissue A General characteristics B Functions C Cell types D Specific characteristics Current Lecture I Muscle Tissue A General characteristics 1 Excitability They can receive and respond to stimuli They re wired the nervous system provides the electrical wires which are where the excitatory signals come from Part of the heart is wireless 2 Contractility Shortens and thickens 3 Extensibility The ability to stretch 4 Elasticity The ability to return to their original shape B Functions 1 Movement true of skeletal and smooth muscle smooth muscle move things inside of your body 2 Maintain posture only skeletal muscle 3 Heat production as muscles burn energy they produce heat 4 Energy storage specifically ATP C Cell types Fibers 1 Cardiac myocytes cardiac muscle tissue 2 Smooth myocytes smooth muscle tissue 3 Skeletal myocytes skeletal muscle tissue Muscle cell muscle fiber myocyte These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute D Specific Characteristics 1 Cardiac muscle i Involuntary ii Uni nucleated iii Striated iv Quadriangular shaped cells v Intercalated discs Specific to cardiac muscle IPMPs that occur on every cardiac muscle cell allowing cell to cell communication by allowing chemicals to rapidly flow throughout the cardiac tissue vi Synctium System of intercalated disks that makes sure the heart is in sync 2 Smooth muscle i Involuntary ii Uni nucleated iii Smooth not striated iv Shape tapers at ends v Are mobile can break off from the tissue and go serve as a band aid at tears that need patching vi 2 layers thick a Circular layer inner layer of smooth muscle can be multiple cell layers thick It surrounds the lumen of organs and constricts its diameter b Longitudinal layer outer layer of smooth muscle that lays the length of the organ longitudinally can be multiple cell layers thick It lies lengthwise along the outer surface of hollow organs and shortens the length when contraction occurs vii Found around hollow organs and around exocrine glands and blood vessels viii Peristalsis The longitudinal and circular layers working in harmony to produce wave like contractions of smooth muscle that move food and other substances through the hollow organs of the body 3 Skeletal muscle i Associated connective tissues a Tendons Attaches muscle to bone b Connective tissue sheets Sheaths of connective tissue that cover all skeletal muscle There are 3 types i Epimysium Dense irregular connective tissue that wraps around the entire muscle ii Perimysium Dense fibrous connective tissue that covers fascicles iii Endomysium Areolar connective tissue that wraps around and covers the myocytes ii Voluntary iii Multi nucleated iv Striated
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