BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 27Outline of Last Lecture II. Brain Mapping A. Frontal LobeB. Parietal LobeC. Occipital LobeD. Temporal LobeE. Tracts of the BrainOutline of Current LectureF. Clinical Applications - Brain trauma or tumors 1. Frontal lobe2. Parietal lobes3. Temporal lobes4. Hippocampus5. Amygdala6. Seizures7. HandednessCurrent LectureF. Clinical Applications - Brain trauma or tumors 1. Frontal lobei. Personality changesii. Can lead to socially inappropriate behavior2. Parietal lobesi. Contralateral Neglect Syndrome When a person becomes unaware of objects within close proximity (even their own limbs). Tends to be on one side. 3. Temporal lobesi. Agnosia The inability to recognize, identify, and name familiar objects. Know what the object is, but don’t have the ability to speak it. Create unique words to label these objects so that they can function in society. ii. Prosopagnosia Agnosia specific to familiar people. You can’t remember familiar faces. In the most severe cases, you can’t even recognize yourself in the mirror. Is an age dependent disease; common in dementia and Alzheimer’s. 4. Hippocampus These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. General function of the hippocampus is memory; both short and long term. ii. Spatial memory Navigation to familiar placesiii. Retrograde amnesia Long-term memory problems. You can’t recall the past.iv. Anterograde amnesia Short-term memory problems. Inability to store new information. Is one of the first clinical symptoms of Alzheimer’s, which is a very age dependent disease. Can progress to your own actions being forgotten, and then to spatial memory (which is why Alzheimer’s patients often get lost). Long-term memory is never lost until the very end. 5. Amygdalai. Exaggerated anger, aggression, sexuality, or love. ii. Completely abolishes your sense of fear. iii. The amygdala is sexually dimorphic1. Males – Amygdala lights up in an emotionally stressful situation and he takes action without thinking.2. Females – In an emotionally stressful situation females remember fine details and process information. 6. Seizuresi. Causes:1. Epilepsy a. Starts as one seizure every few months and progresses to many seizures a day. b. Electrical bursts in the brain; brain doesn’t have normal depolarization. Bursts cause seizures. Right side sends burst to left. c. Corpus callosectomy Cutting the corpus callosum in half, which separates the left from right hemispheres, stopping the seizures. Side effect is a delayed response time. 2. Rapid fever spike3. Meningitis4. Parasites 7. Handednessi. Left handed – Broca’s area tend to be more lateralized. ii. Right handed – Most of the population. Almost guarantees Broca’sarea will be left dominate. Want to divide functions (talking and motor) between hemispheres. iii. Ambidextrousiv. Mixed hand Tend to be one hand dominate, but still do lots of things with your other
View Full Document
Unlocking...