BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 26Outline of Last Lecture I. CNS – Brain AnatomyA. Gross Anatomy and Function1. Meninges2. 3 Major Regions3. External Structures of the cerebrum and cerebellum4. Internal Structures of the cerebrum and cerebellum5. Structures of the BrainstemOutline of Current LectureII. Brain Mapping A. Frontal LobeB. Parietal LobeC. Occipital LobeD. Temporal Lobe E. Tracts of the BrainCurrent LectureII. Brain Mapping A. Frontal Lobe1. The main area involved in thinking (reasoning skills, concentrating, planning, writing, and abstract thought).2. Broca’s area Controls the ability to physically speak; sending signalsfor motor movement to muscles of mouth. Is lateralized and left dominate. 3. Pre-motor center Learned repetitious skills; like learning to play an instrument or ride a bike.4. Primary motor center Voluntary motor command. The control center for your skeletal muscle. The left side of the brain controls the muscles on the right side of your body.B. Parietal Lobe1. Primary somatosensory area Receives input for tough, pressure, pain, and temperature. 2. Somatosensory association area Cognition to understand what you are feeling. Puts context to the input for senses in the primarysomatosensory area. For example, we can touch something hot and not be able to understand that it is hot.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Primary Gustatory center Area where the brain recognizes taste. 4. Gustatory association area Area where the brain perceives the signals for taste received in the primary gustatory center. C. Occipital Lobe1. Primary visual center Area that receives signals for sight.2. Visual association center Area that perceives the signals for sight so that you know what you are seeing. D. Temporal Lobe1. Primary Olfactory center Area of the brain that receives signals for smell.2. Olfactory association area Area of the brain that perceives the signals for smell so you know what you smell. *These areas are located deep in the brain. *Smell is the only sense that is not routed through the thalamus. The hypothesis for this is that because smells pass through the BBB and can be so dangerous, rerouting around the thalamus decreases reaction time. 3. Primary Auditory center Area of the brain that receives signals for hearing. 4. Auditory association area Area of the brain that perceives the signals for smell so you know what you hear. 5. Wernicke’s Area Area of the brain that is involved in speech cognition. It helps you understand what you hear. Is left dominate.Collaborates with the Broca’s area. E. Tracts of the Brain White matter1. Association tract Runs anterior to posterior 2. Commissural tract Runs laterally side-to-side, linking the left and right hemispheres. The corpus callosum is the largest part.3. Projection tract Runs superiorly to inferiorlya. The tract that criss crosses, causing the left side of the brain to control the right side of the body and vice
View Full Document
Unlocking...