BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I Membranes A Types B Cutaneous membrane C Regions of the skin D Details of the epidermis E Hair F Glands Outline of Current Lecture F Glands I Dermis A Papillary Region B Reticular Region C Hypodermis D Skin Disorders II Axial Skeleton A Skull B Additional Features Current Lecture F Glands 1 Sebaceous gland Oil glands Present everywhere except on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet 2 Sweat glands Present everywhere 3 Ceruminous glands In your ear wax Specialized form of sebaceous gland 4 Mammary glands Produce milk There are two in humans and more in most other mammals These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute I Dermis A Papillary Region 20 Highly innervated highly vascularized 1 When combined with the stratum lucidum this region makes up fingerprints B Reticular Region 80 Contains many thick collagen fibers and elastic fibers Made of dense irregular connective tissue The compilation of collagen fibers is for stretch and return to shape C Hypodermis All adipose tissue D Skin Disorders 1 Skin cancers a Basal cell carcinoma Most common of all skin cancers it rarely metastasizes and is very slow growing therefore the least deadly b Squamous cell carcinoma Comes from keratinocytes of the stratum Spinosum If this is caught early the prognosis is excellent The treatment is surgical removal It can metastasize but it is very slow growing c Melanoma Comes from melanocytes Represents only 5 of the skin cancers Is extremely aggressive and drug resistant The prognosis is poor unless treated very early 2 Porphyria Affects blood cell production destroying mainly red blood cells Causes extreme sensitivity to light and natural sunlight causes excess hair growth Gums start to retract over their teeth Eating garlic exacerbates this disease Commonly called the vampire disease I Axial Skeleton Made up of 80 bones skull hyoid ossicles vertebra and rib cage A Skull 1 Cranial bones 8 a Frontal 1 b Parietal 2 c Temporal 2 d Occipital 1 e Sphenoid 1 f Ethmoid 1 2 Facial bones 14 a Lacrimal 2 b Vomer 1 c Nasal 2 d Palatine 2 e Maxilla 2 f Mandible 1 g Zygoma 2 h Inferior nasal concha 2 B Additional features 1 Temporal bone Mastoid process styloid process external auditory meatus a Mastoid sinus infection Can be very serious because they are difficult to treat and has a close proximity to the brain 2 Sphenoid bone Often called the keystone of the cranium It articulates with every other cranial bone
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