BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I Joints A 2 Ways to classify 1 Structural Joints 2 Functional Joints B Synovial Joint Structure 1 Anatomy 2 Movements and classes 3 Knee Outline of Current Lecture C Clinical Application ACL Tear D Clinical Application Shoulder Injuries E Clinical Application Osteoarthritis F Clinical Application Rheumatoid arthritis Current Lecture C Clinical Application ACL Tear 1 Ligaments are less vascularized than tendons 2 In an ACL tear the surgery uses a graft from the hamstring tendon or the patellar tendon to piece together the ACL 3 The ACL can grow back even stronger than before because of the grafted tendon 4 A downside to the allograft is that you receive two incisions one to harvest the tendon and one to graft it to the ACL It also has a longer recovery time than a graft from a cadaver 5 A downside to getting a graft from a cadaver is that there is a chance that the body will reject it 6 If using a cadaver a ligament will normally be grafted 7 To get the graft in there a surgeon drills diagonally through the femur and tibia and screws the graft in place with bone absorbing screws D Clinical Application Shoulder These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 1 Torn rotator cuf a 2 Torn labrum a Labrum in the shoulder s version of the meniscus Is a cup of fibrocartilage in the glenoid fossa E Clinical Application Osteoarthritis 1 Most common injury caused by wear and tear 2 Can happen in any synovial joint 3 Most common in hands knees hips and spine 4 Crepitis A cracking sound in the muscles This is one of the most common early indications of developing arthritis 5 Usually doesn t start until age 40 is an age dependent disease 6 Women are far more prone a Fluctuation of hormones loosens ligaments 7 85 of the population age 70 and older have it F Clinical Application Rheumatoid arthritis 1 Autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation of joints 2 There is a strong genetic precursor 3 Onset usually occurs in 40s 4 More common in women 5 Is progressive and can become crippling as time goes on and cause malformations of the joints 6 Can do joint replacements
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