BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 20 Outline of Last Lecture III. Muscle PhysiologyA. Nervous System + Muscle System = ContractionB. Active Channels C. Steps of excitation contraction coupling. D. Sliding Filament Theory E. Steps of Sliding Filament Theory Outline of Current LectureI. Intro to Skeletal Muscles of the Body A. Quick factsB. 4 Functional GroupsC. Muscle terminologyD. Skeletal muscles to know – Muscles of the headE. Head musclesCurrent LectureI. Intro to Skeletal Muscles of the Body A. Quick facts1. There are over 600 skeletal muscles in the body2. Around age 30, skeletal muscle can begin being converted into fat. B. There are 4 functional Groups1. Prime Movers (Agonists) Causes a specific body movement. 2. Antagonists Oppose, reverse, or steady a movement of the body. 3. Synergists Assist prime movers by adding a little extra force and preventing unwanted movements. 4. Fixators Immobilizers of bone, and usually serve as the muscles origin.C. Muscle Terminology1. Origin The point of attachment that stays fixed during contraction. The anchor.2. Insertion The movable attachment of a muscle.i. Bicep - origin on proximal tubercles of humerus and insertion on radius. 3. Actions What the muscle does. D. Skeletal Muscles to know These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Muscle ActionHead Muscles1 - Frontalis / Epicranius Raises eyebrows 2 - Occipitalis Retracts the scalp * Galea aponeurotica Connects the frontalis to the occipitalis3 - Temporalis Elevate and retract your jaw4 – Orbicularis oculi Closes eyes5 – Zygomaticus Pulls lips superiorly and posteriorly; theact of smiling 6 – Orbicularis oris Puckers the lips 7 – Masseter Clenches the jaw 8 – Mentalis Depresses lower lip. Pouting 9 – Buccinator Compresses cheek. Sucks and whistles10 – Corrugator Depresses eyebrows. Scowl E.Galea aponeurotica110 Corrugator 439257268 Mentalis 1F. Muscles of the neck Muscle Action1 - Platysema Tenses skin around windpipe *2 - Sternocleidomastoid Flexes and laterally rotates the head.Saying no*3 – Splenius capitis Prime mover of the head. Moves thehead up and side to side.*Antagonistic to one
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