BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. Epithelial TissueA. TypesB. Functions C. CharacteristicsOutline of Current Lecture D. LocationsE. GlandsF. Ways to classifyII. Tissue Growth and Development A. Growth Current LectureI. Epithelial TissueA. Types (Last lecture)B. Functions (Last lecture)C. Characteristics (Last lecture)D. Locations i. Simple Squamous1. Bowman’s capsule Structure that filters blood in the kidney2. Capillaries The smallest blood vessel in the body, they connect arteries to veins. 3. Alveoli Small air sacs of the lungs, are the site of gas exchange. 4. Pericardium Sac around the heartii. Simple Cuboidal1. Kidney tubule2. Small ducts3. Small glandsiii. Simple Columnar1. Throughout the digestive tract2. Some large ducts3. Uterus, the endometrium. iv. Ciliated pseudostratified columnarThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Upper respiratory tract:a. Nasal cavityb. Pharynxc. Trachead. Bronchiv. Stratified Squamous (keratinized)1. Skin2. Dorsum of tongue3. Vaginavi. Stratified squamous (nonkeritinized)1. Oral cavity2. Pharynx3. Esophagus4. Anal liningvii. Stratified cuboidal and columnar1. Large ducts and glands2. Very rare! viii. Transitional1. Urinary bladder2. UretersE. Glands one or more cells that make and secrete a producti. Endocrine Produce hormones and secrete into the bloodstream by exocytosis. These don’t use ductsii. Exocrine Secrete their products onto body surfaces (skin) or into body cavities. F. Ways to classifyi. The number of cells that the gland is made up of1. Unicellular Made up of one cell. Ex) Goblet cells, mucus glands.2. Multicellular Made up of two or more cells. Ex) Oil glands, salivary, sweat. ii. Shape of the gland1. Simple Contains a single unbranched duct2. Compound Has at least one branched duct3. Tubular Duct/gland all looks like one tube4. Acinar/alveolus Narrower duct connected to a rounder glandiii. What type of products they make1. Serous water like secretions2. Mucous Made by the combination of mucin (glycoproteins which make it sticky) and water. 3. Cytogenic A whole cell is secreted; testes release sperm, ovaries release eggs. iv. Ways the products are secreted1. Merocrine/eccrine Tears, saliva, sweat, pancreas2. Apocrine/ exocrine A portion of the cell is secreted by budding;mammary glands. 3. Holocrine when cell accumulate products and then the whole cell disintegrates. The whole contents of the cell will be released. Oil cellsII. Tissue Growth and DevelopmentA. Growth i. Hyperplasia Growth by cell multiplication (i.e. mitosis). This accounts for most of childhood growth. ii. Hypertrophy Enlargement of existing cells. (i.e. skeletal muscle cells and adipose cells)iii. Neoplasia Abnormal growth of nonfunctioning tissue, causing a tumor. iv. Atophy The shrinking of tissue through lack of use or aging. v. Necrosis Tissue death due to trauma, toxins, or
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