BIO 240 1st Edition Lecture 25Outline of Last Lecture D. Connective Tissues of the Nervous System I. CNS – Brain AnatomyA. Gross Anatomy and FunctionOutline of Current LectureI. CNS – Brain AnatomyA. Gross Anatomy and Function1. Meninges2. 3 Major Regions3. External Structures of the cerebrum and cerebellum4. Internal Structures of the cerebrum and cerebellum5. Structures of the Brainstem Current Lecture4. Internal Structures of the cerebrum and cerebelluma. Corpus callosum Largest white matter area of the brain. Connects the left and right hemispheres for communication.b. Fornix White matter that connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Transverse FissurePineal GlandInterthalamic AdhesionFornixHippocampusc. Pineal gland Produces melatonin, which is a hormone that regulates sleep cycles. d. Thalamus THE relay center of the brain for all motor and sensory function, except smell. i. Interthalamic adhesion Holds the left and right sides of the thalamus together. e. Hippocampus Means seahorse. Is the memory bank of the brain. f. Hypothalamus The major control center for the endocrine system and the ANS. Directly involved in survival behaviors: sex drive, maternal behavior, circadian clock, thirst and hunger response, aversian behavior, and aggression. g. Limbic system Includes the cortex, plus the thalamus, plus the hypothalamus. Puts emotional context into sensory output. h. Pituitary gland Produces 9 different hormones. Growth Hormone, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone. i. Infundibulum Structure supporting the pituitary gland. i. Arbor Vitae White matter tracts that look like tree branches running throughout the cerebellum. j. Ventricles Hold cerebral spinal fluidi. CSF A clear liquid that fills ventricles and the central canal, functionsto provide a fluid filled cushion between the brain and skull bones. Chemical stability and buoyancy. ii. Lateral ventricles Largest ventricles forming an arc under the corpuscallosum in each hemisphere. iii. Third ventricle Receives CSF from the lateral ventricles and delivers it to the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct.iv. Fourth ventricle Triangular chamber between the pons and the cerebrum. It tapers into the central canal of the spinal chord and filtersCSF into two apertures. Ends up in the subarachnoid layer after going through the apertures. 5. Structures of the Brainstema. MidbrainMotor function of sight and hearing (pupil dilation and head turning or tracking).i. Corpora quadrigemmina1. Superior colliculus Controls the eyes in the motor function of sight.2. Inferior colliculus Controls the motor function of tracking and hearing b. Pons Relays information between the cerebrum and the cerebellum and hasautonomic functions.c. Medulla Oblongata Relays information between the brain and the spinal chord. Coordinates body movements and has autonomic functions. For example: cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory
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