ARTH 1380 1ST Edition Lecture 22 Outline of Last Lecture - Alexander the Great- Altar of Zeus - Athena and Giants- Aphrodite of Melos- Laocoon and SonsOutline of Current Lecture - Myth of Rome- Etruscan background- Tombs- Paintings- Temple- PortraitsCurrent Lecture- The myth of the beginnings of Rome is based on twins Romulus and Remus - A war god impregnated a priestess and these twins were born they were to be killed so since they were babies they were left out in the open to die - They were raised by a shewolf- When they grew up they were going to create a city they fought and Romulus killed Remus so he became the founder of Rome in 753 BCE- In 509 BCE King Tarquinius Superbus is expelled and Rome becomes a republic and the regal period is over this ideology of no wanting a king becomes embedded in the Roman people and we see this later on with Julius Caesar- The Etruscans were powerful people before the Romans and influence their history- Other civilizations in history do not get the attention they deserve like the Etruscans- They were advanced but did not leave much writing behind just short inscriptions so we do not fully understand their language - Not many of their places were excavated just mostly tombs and not many of their buildings were found because they were made of mudbrick- We know that the Etruscans were excellent engineers and had elaborate sewage system- Etruscan women were included in public life and were treated more like equals- They were excellent metalsmith- They were literate and their culture was prosperous they had a strong military and impressive cities- They had their form of a symposia but they included their wives These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- They did adapt many Greek things like their culture- Dancers and Diner in the Triclinium is a painting found in a tomb it shows men and women enjoying themselves - The men were painted in dark colors women in light and they seem to be arranged in husband with wife in the painting - In Tumuli the tombs are carved into the tufa stone they were underground and had a series of rooms on top their were earth mounds that were created and covered the tomb- The whole tomb chambers follows the plan of a house- Each room is like a dining room they would eat on couches that was the norm- They would cremate the dead and put them in urns - In the tombs of Cerveteri there is relief painting and there are objects carved out like pillows some tombs were looted because their were valuables in the tombs- They were not able to carve relief paintings in all the rooms so they would make paintings instead- In the Leopards, banqueters, and musicians on the top like the pediment space there areleopards the figures below are enjoying themselves and are very lively and they represent the lively afterlife different ideas from the Egyptians that were posed- The musicians shows how they were interested in depicting a naturalistic view versus ideological - They did have odd proportions which does not mean they were bad artists but that it was done in a hurry and that they did not care for proportions like the Greeks- The tomb of the lionesses there are lionesses on the top there is a couple painted that are dancing and is shows a contrast in colors- They used vibrant colors for the paintings - The central scene there is a giant krater hold by two men and it is above where the urn should be placed- There are fishes diving into the water this painting looks Aegean there is a theory that they made it here and lived here because of similar paintings- The painting hunting and fishing it shows a sky full of birds and fishes with someone hunting the birds and someone else fishing - Their temples looked a lot like the Greeks but they were made of wood and mud brick with a stone foundation - The Etruscans were skilled in architecture - There is more than one door and they usually would be a temple for three gods- The pediment was not decorated instead there were sculptures and art on the roof- There was only one entrance to the building and it was in the front- The head of a man is not known if it Etruscan or Roman but Etruscans were known for portraits - There portraits were so detailed you could learn traits about the person by just looking at their portrait like this person looks conservative and wiseKey TermsTufa- soft bedrock