ARTH 1380 1ST Edition Lecture 27 Outline of Last Lecture - House of Faun- Alexander mosaic- Different style of painting - Flavians- Colosseum- Trajan- PantheonOutline of Current Lecture - Plebian and Classicizing- Equestrian Statue- Apotheosis of Antonius Pius- Plebeian art- ConstantineCurrent Lecture- The Roman empire was at its largest with Trajan- Adrian adopted a son and that became the next ruler his name was Antonius and this dynastic period continued as emperors would adopt sons to secede them- There were two styles of art in Rome Plebeian and Classicizing - The Plebian was the lower class style Romans grew up with this style- Classicizing was a style that looked like Greek art - There is not much Plebeian art - There is high and low mix at one point- Medieval art does not look like Roman of Greek comes from Plebeian art- The Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius this is an important piece only equestrian statue that has survived - This was an equestrian bronze portrait - Every emperor would have a statue like this to show them as powerful - We only have this as an example because people thought this was Constantine - It was a powerful portrait overall about 11 feet high - This shows him as powerful but since it is a portrait you can see that he intelligent and benevolent - He was wise and was able to ensure prosperity and a stable period- The Apotheosis of Antonius Pius and Faustina has many faces to the block - It is both Plebeian and Classicizing base for a column dedicated to AntoniusThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- One side of the face has the subject of Patheois which is when emperors are carried up to the heavens to become a god- In this image it shows Antonius with his wife being carried up to the heavens by a winged figure that is carrying them up- This figure was originally nude but was added a leaf to cover up because this statue is part of a collection at the Vatican and nudity is not appropriate- To the right there is a representation of Roma the goddess of Rome and she looks like Athena and has that style of drapery this is classicizing- On the left there is youthful male counterpart to Roma and represents war side- Decursio is on the other side of the base it represents a military exercise - It is a display of honor to the emperor - Each individual has a ground line and this is a different way to show 3-D - There are two perspectives a straight forward one and a bird’s eye view - The proportions are off the horses seem small and the figures seem too tall for the horses - The drapery does not show the curves of the body - Overall this is Plebeian style - This style has been around for centuries - They are mostly seen in funerary relief- The funerary relief of a circus official the proportions are of the figure has a big head - There is a chariot race and this seems to overlap and it is to show the movement - The funerary relief of a vegetable vendor you can see the top of the table so it is not onlya straight forward view but also bird’s eye view - The midwife one does not seem like a portrait the faces are not defined and the drapery does not accentuate the curves - The Battle of Romans shows a mass of figures you have to look carefully to see that there is a an image of a young emperor in between the figures - The Soldier emperor period is when there were a series of soldiers that become emperors they do not last long - The solution to the political chaos is proposed by Diocletian and it is to form a Tetrarch which is two people controlling east and two people controlling west - The Tetrarchs statue shows them holding each other and it is meant to show that they are united as one- It works until Diocletian retires but he then comes back but is not able to solve all the problems- Constantine was a son of a Tetrarch and he worked to get this position himself in the following years - He is known for the Edith of Milan that frees Christians from persecution- He sees a vision once on the battle field that leads him to put on a cross on him and surrounding he wins the battle by doing this - Before his death he converts to Christians- In 325 Christianity becomes the official religionKey TermsTetrarchy- four man ruleClassicizing- to imitate Greek and classical style of art Plebeian- art style created by the lower class that does not emphasize on proportions and workswith different