A Remaking of Europe 1 Causalities 1 France 1 4 9 million dead were French 2 Great Britain About 1 million dead 3 Belgium 100 000 causalities 4 US 360 000 causalities 5 Portugal 33 000 6 Japan 1 200 2 Continent unrecognizable 1 Demography of Europe A 22 million dead a Most between 19 35 b Whole generation that came after were blighted B Changes brought by technology a Advanced warfare i ii Armistice ended the war at first You could hear the sound and feel of warfare in England from France Not a treaty 2 Desires by other states A France didn t want to be invaded by Germany a First time in 1870 b Second time during the war a Wanted to maintain her power B Germany C Austria D Russia a Hungary separated a Came in and out in different form Became a Marxist state Was promised Constantinople b Soviet committee Did not participate in great peace treaty of 1919 E Eastern Europe a Poland created itself into a nation i ii i i ii Heroic warrior state But couldn t stand against Austria and Prussia Church still had legitimacy Initially a kingdom Pilsudski initially a college professor Created a command center and legitimacy because he was unchallenged One by one the western powers acknowledged had sympathy of America Then became the dictator Demanded access to sea because Wilson promised it b Czechoslovakia 2 man was Benes Especially in the west because of Germany The Big 3 knew they had to make it militarily defensible Masaryk used to be a college professor Officially a kingdom for Czechs and Slovaks Knew it had to be defensible Extend boundaries of state far enough west to include Sudeten mountains Western parts similar to mainstream Europe Nearest thing to a successful democracy out of the war Difficult to get armies and supplies through mountains The people there usually spoke German c Yugoslavia Nation created in south Slavic lands with Serbia was center Belgrade became capital Became a military dictatorship d ii Independence given to other European states i ii Became known as successor states They didn t really look at a demographic map Various other ethnicities found themselves outside of their own nations French liked the idea so it might prevent the Germans from rising up Goal was to find something that would work Minority treaties signed by new states Given own nation and protected But had to sign a treaty with allies and not oppress other minorities Some states were upset by being told what to do 3 Punishments A Germany a Army reduced to 100 000 men Also had to give up the great general staff Body of senior officers whose job was to think and command b Navy reduced to patrol like status Initially thought she could keep her navy But forced to given to the navy i ii Loopholes i c d Air force Found ways to train and keep armies in reserves Trained secretly in Russia Russia was also looked down upon by the West e Secret department All secret plans destroyed iii i ii iii iv v i iii iv i i i ii Cover up any evidence in Germany responsibility in war
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