DOC PREVIEW
TAMU HLTH 335 - Human Diseases
Type Lecture Note
Pages 2

This preview shows page 1 out of 2 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 2 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 2 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

HLTH 335 1st Edition Lecture 4 Nosocomial Infections:-Also called hospital-acquired infections.-The principal routes of transmission:-Direct contact between healthcare staff to patient.-Indirect contact through fomites and hospital’s ventilation system.-Most are bacterial in nature. (Catheters are most common fomite. Staph is #1).-1.7 million patients in U.S. contract nosocomial infection each year.-99,000 die as a result.-Top 3 nosocomial infections: UTI’s, site of surgery, in lungs.**Extra Credit: Find out what the current stat is on how many people contract nosocomial infections each year.Antibiotic Treatment of Bacterial Infections:-One of the great discoveries and advances in medicine.-Specific antibiotics target specific bacteria.-Four principal mechanisms of action.Antibiotics: Mechanisms of Action:-Inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall and cell membrane. Ex: penicillin family-Inhibit synthesis of microbial proteins. Ex: tetracycline-Inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis. Ex: ciprofloxacin-Competitive inhibition.-Some antibiotics “confuse” the bacteria because they resemble required components for growth.-Extra Credit: What kind of example works for competitive inhibition?Antibiotic Resistance:-Antiobiotic resistance in humans occurs because of:1. Over-prescribing or inappropriate prescribing.2. Overuse as feed supplement for livestock.3. Improper use/compliance by patient.4. Spread of resistant strains of bacteria worldwide.Antiviral Treatment:-Nucleic acid analogues mimic correct DNA or RNA bases.-Interfere with assembly of new virus particles within the cell or interfere with the attachment of viruses to host cells.  Reduces the number or viruses reproduced.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Antifungal Treatment:-Target cells walls and membranes.-Affect human cells, therefore may be toxic to humans.Antiprotozoals:-Interfere with protein synthesis and metabolism.-But, resistant microorganisms evolve, rendering existing treatments useless.Re-emerging Infectious Disease:-Known infectious disease that re-appear after a significant decline in incidence (or a perceived eradication).-Causes:-Environmental: Changes in climate, natural disasters.-Societal/Behavioral: urbanization (crowding, poverty); globalization (rapid world travel).-Political: disruption of government structures, war, civil unrest.Summary:-We defined ID and related terminology.-We discussed transmission, control of transmission, and treatment of ID.-We discussed various categories of infectious agents and their characteristics; prions, viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and helminthes.-We defined and discussed nosocomial infections.-We discussed antibiotic resistance and appropriate use of antibiotics.-We defined and discussed general causes of re-emerging


View Full Document

TAMU HLTH 335 - Human Diseases

Type: Lecture Note
Pages: 2
Documents in this Course
Culture

Culture

2 pages

Notes

Notes

1 pages

Big 4

Big 4

1 pages

Notes

Notes

3 pages

Notes

Notes

1 pages

Load more
Download Human Diseases
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Human Diseases and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Human Diseases 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?