HIST 2610 1st Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last Lecture QuakersOutline of Current Lecture Four Colonial WarsCauses of the French and Indian WarOutbreak of the French and Indian WarThe Intercolonial CongressResults of the Albany CongressThe British Suffer DefeatsThe Tide TurnsCurrent LectureRivalry Between France & Britain in North America-The underlying causes of Anglo-French rivalry in North America were:1. Conflicting territorial claims. They wanted to gain control of the area west of the Appalacians.2. Competition over the fur trade. The French dominated it, but after the British defeated the French in a number of wars, they became dominant in fur trade.3. Competition over fishing rights off of Newfoundland.Four Colonial Wars, 1689-17631. King William's War (1689-97). Also known as the colonial warRose out of the war of the League of Augsburg (1688-97)2. Queen Anne's War (1702-13). War over control of Novascosha. Rose out of the War of the Spanish Succession (1702-14). War was over who's candidate These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.would be put on the Spanish throne.3. King George's War (1744-48).Rose out of the War of the Austrian Succession (1737-48). War was over those who wanted and did not want Maria to become Empress.4. French and Indian War (1754-63).Rose out of the Seven Years War (1756-63). This was a world wide war. Causes of the French and Indian War-Immediate cause-1740's-British in competition with the French for the Indian fur trade-British colonists looked at colonization differently than the average Frenchman did. The British looked tot he fertile valley as a place to found new settlements. Outbreak of the French and Indian WarVery important person involved in this war. His name is George Washington. He was 21 years oldand a member of the Virginia militia and aristocracy. His family is very interested in trade to the Ohio River Valley. He is not only interested in this from a purely military standpoint, but also personally because of his family. -1753 - chain of French forts. -Allegheny and Monongahela rivers (Fort Duquesne)-Gov. Robert Dinwiddie and George Washington-1753 Maj. Washington, the diplomat. The purpose was to give the French a message to removethemselves from this place. Washington goes to the French and gives the message to the Frenchcommander. He is given a response that says they will not remove themselves from the area (Fort Duquesne). Washington is sent back with a larger force of men to force the French to leave. -1754 - Lt. Col. Washington, the young military leader. -Fort Necessity. The Fort Necessity site was at a lower area in the terrain. It rained extremely hard and they were not able to maintain themselves there. If they are going to continue to try to fight they will lose too many people for no reason. So he decides to surrender to the French. The French presented him with a document that he will sign. The document allows Washington to return back to Virginia with their men, but also another thing that he did not notice. But in signing the document, he did not see that on the paper there was a confession for having assassinated a French officer. He did not know it was in the document. -Thus action make the opening of the war.An Intercolonial Congress is Held in Albany-Representatives of 7 of the colonies met in Albany, NY in 1754-Purposes of the Albany Congress. The point of this congress was to unite the colonies in matters of defense. -A plan is presented with these things in mind. It is presented by a man named Benjamin Franklin. It came to be called The Albany Plan of Union. He feels this is necessary since conflict iserupting in Frace. This Plan involved electing a congress of delegates from various colonies to come and be part of the Grand Counctil. -The powers of the Grand Council: The power to maintain armies. The power to levy taxesThe power to negotiate with the IndiansThe power to control expansion to the west of settlements. Results of the Albany Congress-Rejection-Britain-Colonies-Milestone on the road to union.The British Suffer Defeats in the Early Part of the War-Braddock's Defeat (1775)1. Edward Braddock2. Ft. Duquesne3. Ambush 4. Braddock killed5. Washington rallied the survivors. The French began to defeat the British on every turf. The British colonial troops attempted to go to Louisburg. This was a failure. The British had no idea what they would do. However, William Pitt came along. The Tide Turns After Pitt Assumes Leadership in Britain-William Pitt, Secretary of State for War-Pitt takes action. He ensures that better military leadership talent as well as better supplies are sent over. In 1757, things turn around for the
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