HIST 2610 1st EditionExam # 1 Study Guide Lectures: 1 – 7These are terms and people that will be asked about in both the Fill in the Blank, Short Answer, and Essay Components based on the instructional given in class on what to prepare for the exam. This list of terms will follow the format of the study guide materials.Amerind- Shortened way of saying American Indian. People who are referred to as Amerinds lived in the Western Hemisphere and were moved out of there when the Europeans came upon their territory. Inuit- Indians that reside in the Arctic regions - we know them better as Eskimos. Idina Hopewell- They are famous for their mounds. 500BC-484. Their most famous Mound is located in Ohio and is called The Great Serpent Mound. There are also others located in Louisiana and Illinois.Aztecs- They were taken over by the Spaniards, who they initially thought were the Gods coming back to earth. They believe in the destruction of humans upon the collision of the two calendars. 1325-1521Mayans- known for their Mayan calendars and their own written language.Bartholomew Diaz- First person to sail around the tip of Africa in 1488. He was Portuguese.Vasco da Gama- Navigates his way across in Indian ocean and brings back tons of goods in 1497-99Christopher Columbus- He believed the world was round and discovered new continents (the Americas) in 1492.Ferdinand Magellan- The first person to organize an expedition that led to the first ever "circumnavigation of the earth". This occurred from 1519-1522. He sadly died in this journey and did not make it back. Henry VIII (1509--1547)- Henry VIII is the second son of Henry VII. He took the throne after afterhis elder brother died of a genetic defect. He came to the throne at 17 and was not interested inthe boring parts of ruling the government. Married to Katherine, originally the wife of his older brother, they only have one surviving son who is a female. He is intent on having a son that is able to take over the throne. He looks for answers on why he would be so unable to have a son and finds a passage in the bible saying that one cannot have a son with his brother’s wife. He has his marriage annulled and continues to marry and kill Anne Boleyn who is also unable togive him a son. He marries Jane Seymour who is able to give him a son, but dies. He is offered Anne of Cleaves who he refuses, marries and executes Katherine Howard, and lastly marries Katherine Parr. He dies during his last marriage. His son also has a genetic defect when he comes to the throne at 9 and does not last long. All that to say…..Henry has many, many wives and kills many people at the cost of his own happiness and need to have a son. Elizabeth I (1558-1547)- The daughter of Anne Boleyn. She has a fiery temper, but know to act like a lady being a woman in power. She never married. She is mostly remembered for her reformation of the Church. She is a Protestant and therefore wanted to bring more of that into the Catholic Church. So, she attempts to combine them resulting in the anger and unhappiness of both the Catholics and the Puritans. The Pope excommunicates her.James VI and I (1603-1625)- King of Scotland as James VI. King of England and Ireland as James I. He took over after Elizabeth I. He was a Protestant. The Puritans were very happy about him coming to the throne. He was a scholar. The "Golden Age" continued under his rule as he sharedmany values with Elizabeth I. He loved the arts, drama, and especially literature. Oliver Cromwell- Born into a wealthy family and very smart. He went to Cambridge. He did not inherit much when his father died, however, and had to work very hard for his own income. Known for being a very capable and determined military and political leader. He was a Protestant. He was named Lord Protector over The Commonwealth of England was a period in which Ireland, Scotland, and England were ruled as a republic (A republic is when the people and their elected representatives hold the power). Charles II (1660-1685)- King of England. He is an Anglican who dies in the role of the Catholic, but never proclaims himself a Catholic. He liked to have fun and had many mistresses. Known asthe Merry Monarch and started to bring things away from Protestant beliefs and the strong ideas and ways of the Puritans. He came to the throne during the period of the English Commonwealth Jamestown- The first English settlement int he Americas. Was originally called "James Fort", but became Jamestown in 1619. For 83 years, Jamestown was the capital of the colony (1660-1689).Jamestown was located in an area that was inhabited by thousands of Indians. Both peoples initially had a good relationship, but shortly went to war with the colonists winning. Jamestown is located in Virginal and is a landmark for its tobacco production!John Smith- John Smith was a solider during the Colonial Period who knew how to survive. JohnSmith is one of the surviving leaders of the original colony. He had a goal to go into the Northwest passage and look for gold, which he did. When he and others were on this mission, they ran into a group of Native Americans, which is where we get the story of Pochahontas. His other peoples are killed, but he is taken to the chief of the tribe named Wahansonacook. A young girl speaks to Wahansonacock and John Smith believes that she convinces the Chief to sethim free. The girls name is Matowaka, but her nickname is Pochahontas. Just Smith is set free and returns back to England. He is an explorer, solider, and creator of maps. The first to map out the Chesapeake Bay area and New England.John Rolfe- The husband of Matowaka (Pochahontas) and the first to make tobacco an export crop. They move back to England together and she becomes Lady Rebecca. He is an early English settler and lives in Jamestown. House of Burgesses- North America's first legislative assembly and was located in Jamestown, Virginia. The purpose of this establishment was to make life better for the colonist and establish rules and conditions that benefitted everyone. Powhatan- Chief Powhatan is the leader of the Indian tribes in Virginia. Powhatan is also what all of those tribes are referred to as. These people/ tribes were also known as the Algonquians. So…to Powhatan = chief, tribes, Algonquians. Sir Edwin Sandys- Founder of the Virginia Company of London. The Virginia Company worked toestablish settlements and established the first one - Jamestown. He was a strong
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