PSYC 107 1nd Edition Exam 5 Study Guide Lectures 29 35 Chapter 13 Psychological Disorders How should the line be drawn between normality and disorder A disorder must have Statistical Rarity Subjective Distress Impairment Societal Disapproval Biological Dysfunction Also must usually must be having persistently harmful thoughts or actions Having one of the criteria does not mean that there is an illness Disorders over time and cultures Disorders can change over cultures o Koro o Bulimia Nervosa Can be universal over all cultures o Schizophrenia o Alcoholism o Depression o Psychopathic Personality Disorders can change over time o Demonic model Evil spirits in the body cause the disorders Ancient treatment in the middle ages o Medical model Mental illness is due to physical problems Popular during Renaissance Treatment examples Bloodletting Snake pits Asylums o Modern model Approach mental illness with Dignity Kindness Respet Deinstitutionalization Compare neurosis and psychosis Neurosis distress or anxiety without hallucinations or delusions o Came from Freud o Someone who is anxious and scared of everything Psychosis losing touch with reality having hallucinations and delusions o Schizophrenia o More severe than neurosis How and why do clinicians classify psychological disorders Biological Psychological Sociocultural What are anxiety disorders and how do they differ from ordinary worries and fears Characterized by continual feelings of worry anxiety physical tension irritability Often exhibits other anxiety disorders like panic or phobia What are dissociative disorders why are the controversial The consciousness of a person becomes separated from previous thoughts memories and feelings o Feels unreal o Feels separate from the body What are mood disorders what are their forms Defined by as a disturbance in mood or emotion Two forms o Depression o Bipolar Has extreme sadness and elation on the other end What patterns characterize schizophrenia Disorganized and delusional thinking Selective attention failure What causes schizophrenia Genetics Brian abnormalities o Dopamine over activity o Abnormal brain activity and anatomy What are the characteristics of a typical personality disorder Personality disorder condition in which personality traits are inflexible when expressed in a wide variety of situations and lead to distress or impairment Affects the entire life of a person Categories o Off eccentric cluster Paranois Schizotypal Schizoid don t want to be around people o Dramatic emotional erratic cluster Histroironic Narcissistic Antisocial Borderline o Anxious fearful Avoidant Depression OCD Antisocial personality disorder o The person does not have a conscience for wrongdoing o Typically male o 60 of prisoners Chapter 15 How do we explain other s behaviors and our own Social psychology studies how we think about and influence one another Social thinking thinking about others especially when they engage in doing things that are unexpected Does what we think affect what we do or does what we do affect what we think Attitudes can affect behavior Behavior can affect attitudes How powerful is social influence Very strong as long as the whole group agrees if there is one person who does not agree social influence is not as strong How is our behavior affected by the presence of others of by being part of a group 33 of people go with a wrong answer if the everyone else in the group picks the wrong answer If one person picks the right answer the subject will pick the right answer What is group polarization and groupthink Group polarization enhances a groups prevailing attitudes through a discussion Groupthink a mode of thinking that occurs with the desire for humanity o One person in a group does not agree with everyone else o They eventually succumb to peer pressure in order to not be the bad guy What is prejudice An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members Usually toward another culture or gender group What are the social and emotional roots of prejudice Beliefs Emotions Predisposition to act Implicit racial associations Unconscious patronization Social inequity Social divisions Emotional scapegoat What are the cognitive roots of prejudice Categorization Vivid case Remembering what is most vivid
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