PSYC 107 1nd EditionLecture 33Outline of Last LectureI. Depressed BrainII. SchizophreniaIII. Popular and Effective TherapyOutline of Current LectureI. Social Psychology II. Schizoid Personality DisorderIII. Social ThinkingIV. Fundamental Attribution ErrorV. Attitudes Predicting ActionsVI. Actions Predicting AttitudesVII. Cognitive DissonanceCurrent LectureI. Social Psychology -Types of behaviors exhibited by being in groups-Social Thinking-Aggression Not tested-Attraction Not tested-Altruism (read on your own)-Conflict and Peacemaking (read on your own)-Definition: scientifically studies how we think about, influence, and relate to one another-Helps us understand why many forms of social influence are so powerfulPeer pressureMob mentality Norms-Humans are social specie: social isolation is used as punishmentNeed to belong: biological need for companionshipEvolutionary factors: safety in groups, survivalII. Schizoid Personality Disorder-Neither desires nor enjoys close relationships-Almost chooses solitary activitiesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.III. Social Thinking-Involves thinking about others, especially when they engage in doing things that are unexpected-Attribution theory: the tendency to give casual explanations for someone's behavior, often by crediting othersThe situation (situational attribution)The persons disposition (dispositional attribution)IV. Fundamental Attribution Error-FAE-Tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences (personality, attitudes, intelligence) on other people's behaviorResults in underestimation of situational influencesTest scores: Professor vs student's viewStudent has missed many classProfessor thinks that the student is lazyStudent may commute from far away-Actor/observer discrepancy - putting yourself in someone's shoes-Examples:Domestic violence, "why doesn't she just leave"Sexually abused boy, "why don't they just say, 'no'"-Cultural disparityIndividualist vs collectivistIndividualists are more prone to committing the error than collectivistsV. Attitudes Predicting Actions-Definition: a belief and feeling that predisposes a person to respond in a particular way to objects, other people, and events-If we dislike a person, our attitude towards them will be bad-Attitude ---> actionsImperfectly due to situational factorsIf personally relevant and strong more likely to predict behavior-Explicit (things we report) vs implicit attitudes (unconscious feelings)VI. Actions Predicting Attitudes-Sometimes attitudes follow behaviors-Foot-in-the-door phenomenon: tendency for people who agree to small action will later comply with a larger one-Role-playing:Zimbardo's prison study:Gave students either prisoner or guard rolesPicked psychologically healthy studentsPurposely induced disorientation and depersonalizationVII. Cognitive Dissonance-When our attitudes and actions are opposed, tension occurs-We need to change something so that there won't be any tension-To relieve this, we bring out attitudes closer to our actions-Examples: initiation rites for
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