PSYC 107 1nd Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I Smell and Taste II Perception Outline of Current Lecture I Ways of Learning II Behaviorism Quiz III Learning IV Pavlov V Acquisition Current Lecture I Ways of Learning a Habituation b Classical Conditioning Pavlolv c Operant Conditioning Skinner d Classical vs Operant Conditioning e Learning by Observations II Behaviorism Quiz a Ivan Pavalov was initially interested in the investigation of dog s digestion b John Watson the founder of behaviorism was tossed out of the university for having an affair with one of his graduate students c Just through this quiz you have increased your knowledge and changed your brain structure III Learning a Learning a relatively permanent change in the organism s behavior due to past experiences i Behaviors genetic predisposition and learning ii Learning results in a physical change in your brain These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute b Behaviorists say psychology should be an objective science based on objective behavior c Habituation i Process of responding less to repeated stimuli over time ii Simplest form of learning is aplysia which is sea slug d We learn through Associative Learning which can then be broken into smaller sub categories i Associative Learning 1 Learning to associate one stimulus with another ii Classical Conditioning 1 Learning to associate one stimulus with another 2 Example two stimuli lighting and thunder follows therefore when we see lighting we anticipate thunder 3 Example Aggie Fight Song Popcorn 4 Tendency to develop connections based between events that occur together 5 Common terms UCS UCR CS and CR iii Operant Conditioning 1 Learning to associate one stimulus with a consequence 2 How we train animals to perform tricks they perform a trick get a treat then perform the trick again anticipating a treat 3 Examples rewarding children with stickers taking TV time away for bad behavior quizzes to increase attendance 4 IV Pavlov a Studied digestion in dogs b He learned a meat powder elicited a stimuli that normally would not have a stimulus c Pavlov coined the terms i UCS unconditioned stimulus a biological stimulus that produces and automatic response ii UCR unconditioned response an automatic response to a UCS the occurs without learning iii CS conditioned stimulus a stimulus that is neutral but is then associated with the UCS through conditioning iv CR conditioned response learned response d Example before conditioning the food US produces saliva UR while the tone does not neutral stimulus eventually the tone CS begins to produce saliva CR V Acquisition a Initial learning stage in which classical conditioning is associated with a netural stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus takes place i In most cases the neutral stimulus needs to come before the UCS ii The time between the two stimuli needs to be about a half second to be ideal b Conditioning is strongest with i Repeat CS UCS pairing ii Short time interval between CS and UCS iii The UCS is intense iv Taste aversions only need one trial
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