PSYC 107 1nd Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I Pitfalls of Experiments II Phrenology III Neuroscience IV Characteristics of Nervous System V Parts of a Neuron VI Neural Communication Outline of Current Lecture I Neurotransmitters II Parts of the Nervous System III Nervous Systems IV Brain Current Lecture I Neurotransmitters o Acetycholine Enables learning and memory Enables muscle action Can be used in two ways Agonist excite o Black widow spider ex o Venom enters the blood stream o Stimulates acetycholine o Causes muscle contractions and convulsions Antagonist inhibitor o Ex Botulism or Botox These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Prevents release of acetycholine Botox prevents muscle contractions that create wrinkles o Curare Poison Bocks and inhibits Acetycholine receptors Muscles cannot contract o Seratonin Neurotransmitter Linked to moods emotions Undersupply causes depression o Dopamine Undersupply results in Parkinson s disease Oversupply results in Schizophrenia o Caffeine II Antagonist for adenosine Adenosine is a neurotransmitter Causes drowsiness by slowing nerve activity Caffeine blocks the adenosine receptor sites and does not allow adenosine to be absorbed Parts of the Nervous System Nervous system all nerve cells Central Nervous System o Spine and brain o Made of interneurons Message is sent from a motor neuron to a motor neuron Peripheral Nervous System o Nerves that branch to the rest of the body o Consists of cables or axons bunched together o Sensory Neurons Sent from sensory receptor in eyes skin nose etc Sent to spinal cord or brain Sensory neurons extended from the sensory receptor all the way to the spinal cord o Consists of Autonomic System Controls self regulated action of internal organs and glands Branches into o Sympathetic o Parasympathetic Somatic III Controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles Nervous Systems Sympathetic o Arousing system Dilates eyes Increases heart rate Stops digestion Stimulates glucose Stimulates epinephrine Relaxes bladder Stimulates ejaculation o An anxious person would have a highly active sympathetic system o Flight or Fight Parasympathetic o Calming system Contracts pupils Slows heartbeat Contracts bladder Stimulates gallbladder and digestion Allows blood to flow to sex organ o Associated with rest and digestion Endocrine o The slow chemical system o Uses hormones to relay messages IV Hypothalamus tells the Pituitary Gland that something is wrong The Pituitary says what hormones need to be secreted Brain Brainstem responsible for automatic survival functions functions that occur without conscious awareness Nerves crossover the right side of the body is controlled by the left side of the brain Structure of the brain o Medulla Controls heartbeat Controls breathing o Thalamus Brain s sensory switchboard Sorts out information then relays to the appropriate part of the brain o Reticular formation Controls arousal Controls the sleep wake cycle Link to ADHD The reticular formation is not acting properly Will not filter out the unnecessary information o Cerebellum Controls balance and coordination Studying the brain o Lesions mean damage to the brain o Clinical observation brain damaged by an individual s behavior is studied
View Full Document
Unlocking...