PSYC 107 1nd Edition Lecture 26 Outline of Last Lecture I Memory Construction II Source Amnesia III Project Innocence IV Picking Cotton V Children s Eyewitness Outline of Current Lecture I Personality II Causes of Personality Differences III Approaches to Personality IV Freud s Theory a Freud s Personality Structure b Freud s Personality Development V Psychoanalytic Perspective VI Hysteria VII Three Agencies VIII Repression Current Lecture I Personality An individual s characteristic pattern of thinking feeling and acting Personality is a system Personality is the large system that organized the parts of psychology Based on Consistency of a person s responses across a variety of situations An individual person s differences from another person II Causes of Personality Differences These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute III Genetic factor has a strong influence on personality Shared environmental factor parents raising children similarly have little to no effect on adult personality Approaches to Personality Historic Theories Psychoanalytic perspective Humanistic perspective Contemporary Theories Trait perspective Social cognitive perspective IV Freud s Theory Personality is formed during childhood There is conflict between desires and social restraints Negative wishes are pushed into unconsciousness Personality is the effort to resolve conflicts Developed methods to access unconscious His patients were women from the Victorian Age They were pure and clean Bodies were seen as temples not to be degraded by sex Believed in Psychic determination No free will All psychological events have a cause Sexuality was the driving force for everything Symbolic meaning All actions are meaningful Actions need interpretation Unconscious motivation We rarely understand why we do the things we do It was easier to tell him things if you could not see him as many causes are rooted in sex and sex was not talked about during those times Used Free association Dream analysis Psychoanalysis Took years Therefore only the wealthy could afford a Freud s Personality Structure Superego The Angel o Our sense of morality o Develops at age 4 to 5 o Conscience our belief in what is right and what is wrong Ego The Person in Between o The Boss o The executive and principle decision maker o Reality principle tendency of the ego to postpone gratification until it can find a good outlet o Develops at birth Id The Devil o Basic instincts o Reservoir of most primitive instincts o Sex o Aggression o Most like an infant wants to be pleased right now does not like waiting o Pleasure principle tendency to want immediate gratification b Freud s Personality Development i An adult s personality develops as a result of experiences early in life ii Psychosexual stages 1 Universal stages of personality development 2 Each stage differs in errogeneous zone the sexually arousing zone of the body 3 Oral anal phallic latent genital iii Fixation getting over or under indulged in one stage can lead to be psychologically being stuck in a stage V Psychoanalytic Perspective Freud developed the first personality theory Freud was raised during a time of sexual repression Trained in neurology Become interested in hysteria Believed mental illness was psychogenic Psychogenic something is psychological not physical VI VII VIII Hysteria Acting crazy fainting paralysis are all signs Freud used hypnosis and it seemed to help Used talking free association what is the first word that comes to mind when I say dog Freud believed root cause was sex related Three Agencies All three agencies Id Superego and Ego interact continuously Psychological distress is caused by disharmony between the 3 agencies Repression Motivated forgetting of emotionally threatening memories or impulses
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