PSYC 107 1nd EditionLecture 26Outline of Last LectureI. Memory ConstructionII. Source AmnesiaIII. Project InnocenceIV. Picking CottonV. Children’s EyewitnessOutline of Current LectureI. PersonalityII. Causes of Personality DifferencesIII. Approaches to PersonalityIV. Freud’s Theorya. Freud’s Personality Structureb. Freud’s Personality DevelopmentV. Psychoanalytic PerspectiveVI. HysteriaVII. Three AgenciesVIII. RepressionCurrent LectureI. Personality- An individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.- Personality is a system- Personality is the large system that organized the parts of psychology - Based on: Consistency of a person’s responses across a variety of situations An individual person’s differences from another personII. Causes of Personality DifferencesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Genetic factor has a strong influence on personality- Shared environmental factor (parents raising children similarly) have little to no effect on adult personalityIII. Approaches to Personality- Historic Theories: Psychoanalytic perspective Humanistic perspective- Contemporary Theories: Trait perspective Social-cognitive perspectiveIV. Freud’s Theory- Personality is formed during childhood- There is conflict between desires and social restraints- Negative wishes are pushed into unconsciousness- Personality is the effort to resolve conflicts- Developed methods to access unconscious- His patients were women from the Victorian Age They were pure and clean Bodies were seen as temples; not to be degraded by sex- Believed in: Psychic determination: No free will All psychological events have a cause Sexuality was the driving force for everything Symbolic meaning: All actions are meaningful Actions need interpretation Unconscious motivation We rarely understand why we do the things we do It was easier to tell him things if you could not see him as many causes are rooted in sex and sex was not talked about during those times- Used Free association Dream analysis Psychoanalysis Took years Therefore, only the wealthy could afforda. Freud’s Personality Structure Superego “The Angel”o Our sense of moralityo Develops at age 4 to 5o Conscience: our belief in what is right and what is wrong Ego “The Person in Between”o “The Boss”o The executive and principle decision makero Reality principle: tendency of the ego to postpone gratification until it can find a good outleto Develops at birth Id “The Devil”o Basic instinctso Reservoir of most primitive instinctso Sexo Aggressiono Most like an infant (wants to be pleased right now, does not like waiting)o Pleasure principle: tendency to want immediate gratificationb. Freud’s Personality Developmenti. An adult’s personality develops as a result of experiences early in lifeii. Psychosexual stages1. Universal stages of personality development 2. Each stage differs in errogeneous zone (the sexually arousing zone of the body)3. Oral anal phallic latent genitaliii. Fixation: getting over or under indulged in one stage can lead to be psychologically being stuck in a stageV. Psychoanalytic Perspective- Freud developed the first personality theory- Freud was raised during a time of sexual repression Trained in neurology Become interested in hysteria Believed mental illness was psychogenic Psychogenic: something is psychological, not physicalVI. Hysteria- Acting crazy, fainting, paralysis are all signs- Freud used hypnosis and it seemed to help- Used talking (free-association: what is the first word that comes to mind when I say “dog.”)- Freud believed root cause was sex-relatedVII. Three Agencies- All three agencies (Id, Superego, and Ego) interact continuously - Psychological distress is caused by disharmony between the 3 agenciesVIII. Repression- Motivated forgetting of emotionally threatening memories or
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