PSYC 107 1nd Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last LectureI. What Affects Emotions?II. Cerebral Cortexi. Frontal Lobeii. Parietal Lobeiii. Occipital Lobeiv. Temporal LobeIII. Brain’s PlasticityOutline of Current LectureI. History of ConsciousnessII. Dual ProcessingIII. Selective AttentionIV. Sleep and DreamsV. Measuring SleepCurrent LectureI.History of ConsciousnessoPsychology began as a science of consciousnessoArgued to alienating consciousness from psychologyoWhat is it?-Awareness of ourselves and our environment-While awake there are two levels of consciousnessAlert and focusedAutomatic processing/unconscious-Most of daily life is done automatic-Most of life is processed with automatic processing which means less resources are used-Altered:Change in quality or pattern of mental activityUsually altered by drugs or hypnosis-Unconscious: knocked outII.Dual ProcessingThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.oInformation is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks-Serial conscious processing;Requires focused attentions-Unconscious processingDoes not require focused attentionIII.Selective AttentionoAbility to focus on a single stimulus while excluding the other stimulioCocktail effect: when someone calls your name, you immediately focus on their voiceoPeople who text and talk on their cell phone use increases chance of crash by 4 times-While on cell phone it takes mental capacity to talk and carry on a conversation-So, less mental capacity is left for the use of drivingoInattentional blindness: inablity to see an object in our midst-Gorilla Experiment-You are asked to count the number of times the basketball is passed between the white shirted players-In the middle, a gorilla walks through the middle of the people and most people do not realize that the gorilla is there because they are so focused on the basketball-Change blindness - extra reading videoIV.Sleep and DreamsoTypes of biological rhythms-Circadian RhythmsCirca - aboutDiem - day Natural rhythm is 25 hours, if left to sleep w/o stimulus, most would follow a 25 hour scheduleoHypothalamus - tiny section of brain that influences the glandular system -Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - also called SN, receives cues from the environment (light)Light triggers the SN Tells the pineal gland to regulate melatonin (cause sleepiness)-Increase (evening)-Or decrease (morning)oSleep Today-Due to artificial light, our circadian rhythms are closer to 25 hoursIsolation studies:-People are put into bunkers and they are denied light or watches/clocks-The people eventually start cycling at 48 hours and all other biological cycles stop cycling-(i.e. menstrual cycles)-Teenagers and sleepAs children enter adolescence wakefulness is delayed by one hour-In terms of when they are most likely to want to wake up and start their day Changing start of school days In Minnesota delayed start times by one hour-Collected data:-Improved data-Fewer tardies-Fewer trips to school nurse-TAMU researchThe center for biological clock researchStudies genetic basis for biological rhythms using fruit fliesInvestigates sleep disordersV.Measuring SleepoAbout 90 minutes we pass through 5 distinct sleep stagesoSleep stages:-Non-REM No eye movement, less dreaming (stage 4 only)Stage 1 - 4-REM (paradoxical sleep)Stage 5, eye movements vivid dreamingParadox: contradiction-The brain is very active, but the body is paralyzed-Brain stems stops the messages from the brain that says to run when we are running a marathon in our
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